Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Forensic Science > Study Guide Unit 2 > Flashcards

Study Guide Unit 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ultimate goal of CS investigations

A

To recognize, document and collect evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The case number

A

yearcase# 120111401= dec, 01,2014

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The evidence inventory number

A

case number- evidence#_201401-01, 201401-02

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Warrantless search

A

Warrantless- Existence of emergency circumstances, need to present immediate loss or destruction of evidence search of person/property made incident to lawful arrest, search made by consent of involved parties, plain view doctrine, circumstances defined by Supreme Court

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amendment 4

A

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Coroner

A

an elected official who usually has no special medical training. In four states, the coroner is a medical doctor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a coroner do?

A

Certifies cause of death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Medical examiner

A

A medical doctor (usually a pathologist) appointed by the governing body of the area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medical examiner system first step

A

Identify the deceased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Medical examiner system second step

A

Establish the time and date

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Medical examiner system third step

A

Determine a medical cause of death (the injury or disease that resulted in the person dying)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Medical examiner system fourth step

A

Determine the mechanism of death (the physiological reason the person died)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Medical examiner system fifth step

A

Classify the manner of death (natural, accidental, suicide, homicide undetermined)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Medical examiner system sixth step

A

Notify the next of kin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Circumstantial evidence

A

Indirect physical or biological evidence that can link a person to a crime, but don’t directly prove guilt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Direct evidence

A

Firsthand observations. Ex, eyewitness accounts, video, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Trace evidence

A

When objects make contact and material is transferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the first 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Securing the Scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the second 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Speak and question the witnesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the third 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Scanning the scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the fourth 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Seeing the Scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the fifth 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Sketching the Scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the sixth 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Searching for Evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the seventh 7 “S” of crime scene investigation?

A

Securing and Collecting Evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Line/Strip

A

best in large, outdoor scenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Grid

A

Basically a double-line search: effective but time-consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Zone

A

most effective in houses or buildings: teams are assigned small zones for searching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Spiral

A

May move inward or outward: best used when there are no physical barriers

29
Q

Final sketch items requirements

A

Looks prettier: to scale, use a ruler, pencil only, all major furniture/items included, scale of room, lengths of items, including wall lengths, legend/key: names of furniture, evidence, symbols denoting evidence level: floor horizontal, Key: type of crime, location, sketch artists names, case number, compass indicating north, coordinates

30
Q

Step 1 of sketching a crime scene

A

Observe and Plan

31
Q

Step 2 of sketching a crime scene

A

Measure distance

32
Q

Step 3 of sketching a crime scene

A

Outline the area

33
Q

Step 4 of sketching a crime scene

A

Locate and plot objects and evidence within the outline

34
Q

Step 5 of sketching a crime scene

A

Record details

35
Q

Step 6 of sketching a crime scene

A

Make notes

36
Q

Step 7 of sketching a crime scene

A

Identify the sketch with a legend and a scale

37
Q

Rules of photography #1

A

DO NOT disturb the scene

38
Q

Rules of photography #2

A

complete set of pictures

39
Q

Rules of photography #3

A

record all data

40
Q

Types of photo lighting

A

Natural light: back, side and front lighting

41
Q

The ranges of photographs

A

Overview, midrange, close up

42
Q

How angles affect photos

A

relationships of size and distance may be distorted by the wrong viewpoint

43
Q

Qualities of good crime scene photos

A

Sharp, focused, properly exposed, framed properly, have proper lighting

44
Q

Testimonial evidence

A

statement made under oath

45
Q

Physical evidence

A

any object or material that is relevant in a crime

46
Q

Individual evidence

A

can be identified with a particular person or a single source

47
Q

Class evidence

A

common to a group of objects or persons, relies on statistics

48
Q

Known sample

A

a sample that’s origin is known, goes by (K)

49
Q

Questioned sample

A

a sample that’s origin is unknown, goes by (Q)

50
Q

Transient evidence

A

Temporary, easily changed or lost

51
Q

Conditional evidence

A

produced by a specific event or action, indirect evidence

52
Q

Associative evidence

A

something that may associate a victim or suspect with a scene or with each other

53
Q

Pattern evidence

A

produced by direct contact between a person and an object or between two objects

54
Q

Transfer evidence

A

produced by contact between person(s) and objects or between person(s) and person(s), transferred materials

55
Q

Storage of liquids and arson

A

remains stored in airtight, unbreakable containers

56
Q

Storage of biological evidence

A

placed in a breathable containers to dry- after drying biological transferred to a paper bindle, sealed in a bag

57
Q

Chain of custody

A

Legal considerations, search and removal of evidence must be done according to 4th amendment

58
Q

Comparison analysis

A

subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining whether or not they have a common origin

59
Q

Chemical analysis

A

useful to interpret the effects and quantify the concentration of the chemicals present, assessing the quantity of different elements in the substance

60
Q

Visual analysis

A

the practice of pulling together various facts and circumstances about a crime or a potential criminal situation in order to develop a picture of who the perpetrator or suspect might be

61
Q

Microscopic analysis

A

the identification of trace evidence such as fragments, fibers, hairs, fingerprints which are left the crime scene, on a victim or suspect

62
Q

What factors affect the reliability of an eye witness?

A

Nature of the offense and the situation in which the crime is observed, characteristics of the witness, manner in which the information is retrieved, witness’ prior relationship with the accused, length of time between the offense and the identification or failure to identify the defendant, any prior identification of a person other than the defendant by the eyewitness

63
Q

What is the first step in forensic investigation?

A

Recognition of evidence

64
Q

What is the second step in forensic investigation?

A

Preservation of evidence

65
Q

What is the third step in forensic investigation?

A

Identification of evidence

66
Q

What is the fourth step in forensic investigation?

A

Comparison of evidence

67
Q

What is the fifth step in forensic investigation?

A

Individualization of evidence

68
Q

What is the sixth step in forensic investigation?

A

Interpretation of evidence

69
Q

What is the seventh step in forensic investigation?

A

Reconstruction of the crime

Forensic Science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions