Study Guide Q's: Active Older Adult Flashcards
How do overall strength and fall rates of senior athletes compare to community dwelling older adults?
- Runners (60min/week) 🡪 lower levels of disability and prolonged survival
- Senior athletes (vs. community dwelling older adults) 🡪 faster 5xSTS time
- Senior athletes (vs. community dwelling older adults) 🡪 lower fall rates
- Masters athletes (w/ strength training) (vs. recreationally active, sedentary young adults) 🡪 greater leg press max strength
Describe the neuromuscular changes in senior athletes in terms of losses of muscle fibers, strength, and power as well as neural control and BMD
- Neuromuscular changes
- Loss of skeletal muscle (type II fibers)
- Women have a greater loss of strength and power than men, especially in the UEs
- Strength loss occurs 2-5x faster than muscle mass loss, especially in the LEs
- Reduced force due to
- Altered neural control
- Increased fat and CT accumulation
- Changes in contractile units
Describe the changes that occur with aerobic capacity in senior athletes
- Changes in VO2 max
- Central factors
- CO
- Decline in HR max
- Ventilatio
- Peripheral factors
- Lower a-VO2diff
- Loss of muscle mass
- Central factors
Apply sports specific training to a senior athlete scenario
Be able to apply this diagram to a clinical scenario
compare exercise recs for a senior athlete to the frail older adult
resistance training
compare exercise recs for a senior athelte to the frail older adult
CV training
What is anabolic resistance and how does this affect the senior athlete
- blunted protein synthesis in aging athletes
- Lengthens recovery time
- A positive protein balance is needed throughout training
what are the 6 domains of wellness
- physical
- mental: emotional, spiritual, intellectual
- social: social, occupational/vocational
description of physical wellness demention
physical functioning to the degree that allows one to perform roles in society and family
emotional aspect of health description
sense of well being and the ability to cope effectively with life’s ups and downs
spiritual demension of health description
aspects of life that provide meaning and direction that connects something to greater than one’s self
intellectual wellness demension
ability to learn and use information effectively and to reason and use self efficacy in wellness endeavors
social wellness demension description
meaningful relationships and presence of a social support structure
occupational wellness demension description
purpose in life, a reason to get up in the morning
describe examples of the 3 categories of prevention
- Prevention: a process and an outcome achieved through health promotion and disease prevention efforts
- Goal: using health promotion and disease prevention strategies to achieve the goal of optimal aging
- Three primary categories of prevention
- Primary: preventative measures
- Secondary: screening for early detection
- Tertiary: once diagnosis occurs/management of current conditon
be able to describe examples
Describe the role of PT for wellness practice
- Promote wellness in clinical practice, research, advocacy, and collaborative consultation
- Promote wellness to older adult patients/clients
- Address physical health domains of adopting an active lifestyle
- Address physical health domains of adopting an active lifestyle
- Injury prevention in areas of falls, workplace injury, community based injury
- Involve multidisciplinary members and make appropriate referrals
What is the PAR-Q?
screening tools used to determine an individual’s readiness to participate in a wellness program
- The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) is a common method of uncovering health and lifestyle issues prior to an exercise program starting. The questionnaire is short and easy to administer and reveals any family history of illness. [It is self-report.] (from Google)
what is the EASY tool?
screening tools used to determine an individual’s readiness to participate in a wellness program
What is the get active questionnaire?
- The Get Active Questionnaire along with its accompanying Reference Document enables you to make an informed decision whether you should seek further advice from a health care provider or qualified exercise professional before becoming more physically active. It is designed to be a self-administered pre-screening tool to empower individuals to be responsible for their own health and well-being. (from Google)
what are other tools that can be used to screen for whether or not someone is able to particpate in a wellness program?
- Osteoporosis
- Fall risk
- Senior fitness test
- Intake form: Annual Physical Therapy Visit for Aging Adult
- Annual Physical Therapy Visit for Aging Adult (general movement screen and SPPB)
- Report Card: Annual Physical Therapy Visit for Aging Adult (general movement screen and 7 functional OMs)
goal of a wellness program
- promote health and prevent disease in adults 65 years and older (or 50-64 with clinically significant chronic conditions)
Develop a wellness program that incorporates all appropriate domains and includes aerobic, strengthening, flexibility, and balance exercises to integrate preventative and therapeutic measures
AEROBIC ACTIVTY SECTION
- Moderate intensity activity for 30 min 5x per week or vigorous activity 20 min, 3x per week
- Moderate intensity: 5-6 on 10 point scale
- Vigorous intensity: 7-8 on 10 point scale
Develop a wellness program that incorporates all appropriate domains and includes aerobic, strengthening, flexibility, and balance exercises to integrate preventative and therapeutic measures
MUSCLE STRENGTHENING
- Minimum of 2 days per week (nonconsecutive days)
- 8-10 different exercises
- 10-15 reps
- Moderate (5-6/10) to high (7-8/10) effort
Develop a wellness program that incorporates all appropriate domains and includes aerobic, strengthening, flexibility, and balance exercises to integrate preventative and therapeutic measures
FLEXIBILITY
- Perform flexibility activities at least 2 days/week for at least 10min
- Integration of preventative and therapeutic recommendations
- Older adults with one or more medical conditions: perform physical activity that is therapeutic and in a manner that safely and effectively treats the condition
- The idea is to increase activity above resting level
- Activity plan for those with chronic conditions
- Physical activity is therapeutic
- Type of activity along with intensity, duration, and frequency should integrate prevention and treatment
- Activity plan for those who are inactive
- Gradual (or stepwise) approach to safely increase activity level
- 10 min multiple bouts rather than longer duration continuous bouts
- Dose-relationship between physical activity and health: increased physical activity levels associated with prevention of weight gain
Compare individual-level vs. community-level approaches to achieve sustainable programs for individuals
- Individual level vs. community level approach
- Sustainability is the key phrase (whatever works for that individual and what is accessible for that person)
- Task Force on Community Preventative Services: increase access to the places of physical activity
