Family Centered Care

Question 1

Family

Answer 1

defined by emotional and functional elements rather than by structural or legal elements; a group of people who love and care for each other

Question 2

Childrearing practices definition

Answer 2

Goal directed actions that parents engage in to promote their children’s development

(How the parents structure the learning and caregiving home environment may promote motor development)

Question 3

Describe 4 components of the parent-child interaction

Answer 3

1. Intimate transaction
2. Basis for subsequent relationship
3. Influences skill acquisition
4. Predicated upon the notion that the child and caregiver have a dual responsibility to maintain the interaction

Question 4

Barnard’s 4 Features of Sucessful Parent Child Interactions

Answer 4

1. Sufficient repertoire of behaviors, such as body movements and facial expressions
2. Contingent responses to each other
3. Rich interactive content in terms of play materials, positive affect, and verbal stimulation
4. Adaptive response patterns that accommodate the child’s emerging developmental skills

Question 5

what is the fundamental premise of family centered care?

Answer 5

Fundamental premise: the child or person does not exist in isolation but functions within a family

• The child is totally dependent on family members
• Lifespan approach
• Respects the rights and roles of the family while providing intervention

Question 6

Difference between transaction model of development and family systems theory?

Answer 6

Transactional Model of Development: reciprocal relationship between the child and the caregiving environment; a supportive environment may minimize biological risks

Family Systems Theory: all members are involved in each other’s lives so what happens to one member will affect the entire family

Question 7

Adaptation to disability is:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Answer 7

Complex process

Influenced by many variables

Rationale for intervention: reduce level of stress and burden of care

Individual process

Question 8

What does stress depend on for a parent of a child with special needs? (5)

Answer 8

1. Nature of disability
2. Time of onset
3. Family’s personal belief system
4. Family’s support network and resources
5. Number of other stressful events occurring simultaneously

Question 9

What are common identified stressors for parents of children with special needs? (6)

Answer 9

1. Knowledge
2. Transitions
3. Future
4. Financial
5. Extended caregiving
6. Healthcare environment

Question 10

4 Goals of Family Centered Care

Answer 10

1. Support the family unit
2. Enhance family competence
3. Enhance the growth, development, and functional independence of the child through a partnership with the family and child
4. Care directed toward goals that are important and relevant to the family and child

Question 11

Guidelines for family centered care (3)

Answer 11

1. Family is recognized as a key member of the team
2. Family is the consumer of services and retains ultimate decision making authority
3. Professionals must value the family’s knowledge of their child

Question 12

Therapist roles in family centered care (4)

Answer 12

1. Empowering
2. Communication
3. Enabling
4. Support child

Question 13

Foundations of Service Delivery

Answer 13

Knowing the child

• Child development
• Child roles in family, society

Knowing the family

• Culture
• Stresses, supports
• Childrearing practices

Knowing the environment

• Physical
• Social

Question 14

T/F: Motor development is less sensitive to changes in home environments than cognitive and language development.

Answer 14

FALSE

Traditionally, motor development was believed to be less sensitive to changes in the home environment than cognitive and language development; however, recent findings indicate that the effect may be gradual and may not be observed until school age.

Question 15

PT role in family centered care

Answer 15

Atypical motor behaviors may influence the quality of parent-child interactions

Child with motor difficulties often demonstrate slow responses to external stimulation

Share information with parents about their child’s abilities and suggestions for optimizing interactions

Question 16

Characteristics of positive interactions with family centered care

Answer 16

1. Flexibility
2. Responsiveness
3. Contingency
4. The ability to allow disruption, to redirect in a supportive manner, and to allow the child to initiate an action

Question 17

goal of family centered intervention

Answer 17

optimize the child’s participation in the home, school, and community

Question 18

guidelines for family centered intervention encounter

Answer 18

1. Establish a common ground for communication and information sharing
2. The process of information gathering should involve methods acceptable to both parties
3. Therapists and families should seek to create a good match among the child’s functional abilities, the family’s resources, the amount of information necessary to level the playing field, and the various environments that are important in the child’s daily life
4. Intervention should focus on supporting the caregiving environment and the child’s participation regardless of the severity of the disability

Question 19

Multidisciplinary Model of Service Delivery

Answer 19

professionals work independently but recognize and value the contributions of other professions

Question 20

Interdisciplinary Model of Service Delivery

Answer 20

individuals from different disciplines work together cooperatively to evaluate and develop programs; emphasis is on teamwork; role definitions are relaxed

Question 21

Transdisciplinary Model of Service Delivery

Answer 21

there is teaching and ongoing work among professionals across traditional disciplinary boundaries; role release occurs when a team member assumes the responsibilities of other disciplines for service delivery