Disorders of Sensory Modulation and Coordination

Question 1

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 1

• Definition: range of complex neurodevelopmental disorders
• Social impairments are the defining features, but the importance of abnormal and delayed gross and fine motor skills is becoming more evident
• Incidence
  
  • 1/68 – 1/50 children
  • More common in males

Question 2

Autism Spectrum Disorder etiology

Answer 2

• Etiology
  
  • Unknown etiology
  • Genetic predisposition + environmental interactions

Question 3

Autism Spectrum Disorder genetic conditions and associated brain abnormalities

Answer 3

• Genetic conditions
  
  • Tuberous sclerosis
  • Fragile X
  • Prader-Willi
  • Angelman
  • Down Syndrome
  • Moebius
  • Charge
• Brain abnormalities associated
  
  • Underconnectivity
  • Decreased cortical thickness
  • Glial inflammation
  • Decreased Purkinje cells
  • Dysfunction of mirror neurons

Question 4

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 4

• Intellectual deficit
• Cognitive skills uneven
• Hyperactivity
• Short attention span
• Impulsivity
• Aggressiveness, self injurious behavior, tantrums
• Abnormalities of mood or affect
• Abnormalities in eating and sleeping
• Oversensitivity to sensory stimuli

Question 5

Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening

Answer 5

• M-CHAT
• Sensory Profile

Question 6

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 6

1. Marked impairment of communication
2. Marked impairment of social interactions
3. Restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior
4. Motor impairments
5. Sensory impairments

Question 7

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Answer 7

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