study guide pt. 2 Flashcards
written language
Utilizes alphabetic system; found in books, notes, text messages, etc.; most complex mode of communication; requires formal instruction
phonology
Rules associated with sound combinations and pronunciation of sounds
gestures
Use of nonverbal communication to express or assist in expressing one’s ideas or desires
innateness
A child’s brain contains special language-learning mechanisms at birth
morphology
Modifications of words, using inflections
syntax
Rules governing word order and word classes
child directed speech
Slower rate of speech; increased pitch variations, long pauses, the frequent repetition
pragmatics
The use of language within the communicative context; involves the rules of conversation.
behaviorism
Children learn language because they are rewarded by adults for their efforts.
fast mapping
Children’s ability to hypothesize the meaning of a new word after hearing it used only one or two times
expressive language
Ability to produce language verbally
semantics
Involves words and their meanings; vocabulary
receptive language
Ability to understand or comprehend language
joint attention
Directing a child’s attention to a particular object or action and then labeling it when both child and caregiver are attending
morphemes
Grammatical inflections that attach to words to change their meaning
