Study Guide Flashcards
What are some symptoms of fatigue?
- can’t focus or concentrate/narrowed attention span
- mental confusion or judgement error
- decreased coordination of motor skills & sensory ability (hearing/seeing)
- increased irritability
- decreased performance
- decreased concern for safety
What prevents fatigue?
- adequate rest
- appropriate dress for weather
- rotate crew duties
- provide food & refreshments
- observe others for fatigue
What is motion sickness?
Nausea and/or vomiting caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion.
What are some symptoms of motion sickness?
- nausea
- increased salvation
- unusual paleness
- sweating
- drowsiness
- overall weakness
- stomach discomfort
What are some preventions of motion sickness?
- stay out of confined spaces
- look at horizon/ shoreline
- stay above deck on fresh air
- avoid concentrating on movement of bot and look outside
- avoid smoking
MEDICATION - w/o med supervision
- within 12 hrs of alcohol consumption
- to Prego crew members
What is hypothermia?
The loss of body temperature.
What are some causes of crew fatigue?
- operating in extreme hot/cold weather
- eye strain from hours of looking through sea-spray blurred windshields
- the effort of holding on & and maintaining balance
- stress
- exposure to noise or sun
- lack of sleep
- poor physical condition boredom
What are some symptoms of hypothermia?
- pale appearance
- skin cold to touch
- pupils are dilated & don’t adjust properly when exposed to light
- poor condition
- slurred speech/ appears to be intoxicated
- incoherent thinking
- unconsciousness
- muscle rigidity
- weak-pulse
- very slow & labored breathing
- irregular heart beat
What are some symptoms of heat exhaustion?
- a person collapses and sweats profusely
- victim has pale skin, pounding heart, nausea, headache, and acts restless
What are symptoms of a heat stroke?
- stops sweating
- red skin, hot and dry to touch
- characteristics body temp above 105
- headache
- weak and rapid pulse
- confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, and/or unconsciousness
- brain damage
What are some cause of shock?
- trauma (bleeding, blunt, fractures, burns)
- allergic reactions
- hypothermia
- drugs
- toxins
- heart attack
- illnesses such as diabetes
- emotional
What are some symptoms of shock?
- restlessness
- fainting
- thirst
- nausea
- weakness
- anxiousness
- fright
- dizziness
What are some signs of shock?
- pulse weak and rapid
- breathing shallow rapid and irregular
- skin cold and clammy (sweaty)
- pupils dilated
- state of consciousness alert (may be deceiving) to unconscious
What are some treatments for shock?
- limit patients activity: lie down and remain alert for signs and symptoms of shock
- face is red: elevate head, face is pale, elevate tail
What are the cause of anaphylactic shock?
- by eating fish or shellfish, berries or oral drugs such as penicillin
- insects stings, injected drugs, exercise, cold, and inhaled substances like pollen or dust
What are some symptoms of anaphylactic shock?
- skin: itching, hives (rash), flushing (redness)
- swelling of lips, tongue, feet, throat, hands
- respiratory tract: wheezing, shortness, of breathe, coughing
- gastrointestinal: nausea/ vomit, ab cramp, diarrhea
- headache
- altered mental status
- loss of consciousness
What are some symptoms of a heart attack?
- severe crushing type of pain under the breast bone, arms, neck, jaw
- profuse sweating
- shortness of breathe
- extreme anxiety
- nausea/ vomit
- bluish discoloration of lips, nails, skin
What are some treatments of a heart attack?
- keep victim quiet and at rest
- administer oxygen (if available & trained)
- place victim in position of most comfort
- seek immediate medical assistance EMS
- determine if victim is on any meds & and determine if taken as prescribed
- reassure medical assistance is on the way
- transport quickly but safe as possible
What is a stroke?
Any bleeding or clotting affecting the blood vessels of the brain
What are some symptoms of a stroke?
- unconsciousness
- shock
- confusion
- dizziness
- numbness/weakness to one side of the body
- seizures
- impaired vision
- headache
- facial droop
- difficulty speaking, limited usage or difficulty in using limb
What are some causes of a burn?
- thermal
- chemical
- sunburn
- electric shock
- radiation
What’s a first degree burn?
Mildest form of a burn, only the outer layer of skin and produce redness, increased warmth, tenderness, and mild pain
What’s is a second degree burn?
Extend through outer layer of the skin, inner layers of the skin, but not enough to prevent rapid regeneration, blisters and are characterized by severe pain redness and warmth
What is a third degree burn?
Penetrate full thickness of the skin, inner layers of the skin, severe pain may be absent b/c nerve ending have been destroyed, color range from white to lifeless black
What’s a treatment for first first degree burn?
- immerse in cold water until pain is relieved
- flush chemical burns for at least 20min
- cover w/ clean or sterile dressing
What’s a treatment for a second degree burn?
- use same as first degree burn
- don’t break or open blisters
- cover with a dry sterile no adhesive dressing
- for deep burns follow procedures for third degree burn
What’s a treatment for third degree burn?
- cover burn to reduce exposure to air
- cool the burn
- do not remove clothing unless smoldering
- treat for shock even if not apparent
- always maintain medical care
- monitor patients airway
- assess vital signs every 5min
- give nothing to eat or drink
- don’t place ice on burns
- don’t put ointments on burns
- burns of respiratory tract always a medical emergency
