Study Designs Epidemiology Flashcards
What are the group assignments in a case control study based off of?
Disease status
What is a case control study comparing?
The Natural events occurring in individuals who DO have the condition of interest compared to those who DO NOT have the condition of interest
What kind of diseases/ situation does a case control study evaluate?
Studying a RARE disease or investigating and OUTBREAK
Low incidence
Low prevalence
Long latency disease
How are case control studies conducted?
Retrospective
Are case control studies able to determine causation?
No because it is only looking at the effects of the disease, not what causes it. SO it is good at looking at associations
How are cohort study groups assigned?
Exposure status or Group membership
observing the events that occur in naturally exposed and unexposed groups
Does the exposure cause a disease (yes or no)
Does a non-exposure cause a disease (yes or no)
What kind of exposure is a cohort design useful for?
Rare exposure
Cohort studies can be conducted in a ________ or ________ fashion
Retrospective
Prospective
A ______ cohort cannot gain members but can have loss to follow ups
Fixed
A _______ cohort cannot gain members and cannot have loss to follow ups
Closed
A ________ cohort can have additions and some loss to follow ups
Open
Which study design is able to be conducted ambidirectional?
Cohort
What does a cross sectional study look at?
Information is gathered and shows what is happening at a point in time across a large population without regard to exposure or disease status
SNAPSHOT in time of all elements: think like a cross section in anatomy; shows everything
What kind of study is a cross sectional study?
Prevalence
