Study Flashcards
Name the internal ridge that is sensitive to triggering a cough reflex, where the trachea divides?
EPIGLOTTIS
How does AP progress through the heart?
SA NODE \+ ATRIA \+ AV NODE \+ BUNDLE OF HIS \+ BUNDLE BRANCHES \+ PURKINJE FIBRES \+ VENTRICLES
Name the layer of pleural membrane covering the lungs?
VISCERAL PLEURA
Name the layer of pleural membrane which covers the inside of the thoracic cavity?
PARIETAL PLEURA
What starts to happen to the immune system of the elderly?
TARGETS OWN BODY’S CELLS
What is the name of any substance recognized as foreign, eliciting an immune response?
ANTIGEN
The Frank-Starling law states that the _______ ________ of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (the end diastolic volume).
STROKE VOLUME
The alveoli are a part of which zone?
*** functions in gas exchange
RESPIRATORY ZONE
The ______________ zone filters, receives olfactory stimuli, and generates sound for speech.
CONDUCTING ZONE
Surfactant helps prevent the alveoli from what?
COLLAPSING
Which lymphatic organ produces B cells and immature T cells?
RED MARROW
Which lymphatic organ produces mature T cells from pre-T cells?
*** school for T-cells
THYMUS
Where is the thymus located?
MEDIASTINUM
Which lymphatic organ removes ruptured, worn out, defective RBCs, and stores platelets and monocytes?
SPLEEN
In order to inhale, muscles must contract, so that thoracic ________ can increase.
VOLUME
In order to exhale, muscles must relax, so that thoracic ________ can increase.
PRESSURE
The ___________ circulation is a function of the left side of the heart.
PULMONARY
The ___________ circulation is a function of the right side of the heart.
SYSTEMIC
Veins carry ___________ blood back to the heart.
DEOXYGENTAED
Arteries carry __________ blood to the tissues.
OXYGENTAED
Vasoconstriction is a ___________ in lumen size.
DECREASE
Vasodilation is a ___________ in lumen size.
INCREASE
The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is also know as what?
EPICARDIUM
What is the parietal layer of the serous pericardium attached to?
FIBROUS PERICARDIUM
What is the parietal layer of the serous pericardium attached to?
HEART MUSCLE
Arterioles, with a substantial ability to constrict or dilate the vessel, perform blood flow _____________.
REGULATION
The blood vessels with the most significant effect on blood pressure are __________.
ARTERIOLES
Name the non-specific defense which eats microbes?
PHAGOCYTE
Name the non-specific defense which recognizes and kills microbes?
NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS
The _________ semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle.
AORTIC
The _________ semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle.
PULMONARY
Name the thickest chamber of the heart?
LEFT VENTRICLE
Name the most common antibody, which actually crosses the placenta to confer immunity to the newborn?
IgG
Name the antibody which levels decrease during stress, found in sweat, tears, saliva, mucous, GI and breast milk?
IgA
Name the antibody involved in allergic reactions, which also protects against parasitic worms?
IgE
Name the metabolic process by which living cells absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
TISSUE RESPIRATION
The big difference between non-specific defences, is that specific ones are ___________ and ___________.
IDENTIFIED
and
REMEMBERED
