studies

Question 1

duration of STM

Answer 1

Peterson and Peterson- recall the trigram after a retention interval of 3,6,9,12 or 15 seconds. Participants were 90% correct after 3 seconds, 20% correct after 9 and only 2% correct after 18 seconds. Suggesting it is less than 18 seconds.

Question 2

duration of LTM

Answer 2

Bahrick: 400 ppl recalling as many classmates as they can. 50 photos - recall after 15 years of graduation was 90% accurate, after 48 years was 70%. Free recall - about 60% accurate. Showing that it is possibly an unlimited duration for LTM.

Question 3

encoding

Answer 3

Baddeley - lists of acoustically similar and semantically similar words.
participants had difficulty remembering acoustically similar words in the STM and in the LTM struggled with semantically similar words.
STM is largely encoded acoustically whereas LTM is encoded semantically.