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STS > STS: Biodiversity and Health society > Flashcards

STS: Biodiversity and Health society Flashcards

1
Q

bio means

A

life

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2
Q

diversity means

A

variety

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3
Q

Variety of life present in an ecosystem- from the smallest micro-organism to the largest including the mammals, ecosystems where they live- forests and mountains, rivers and seas.

A

biodiversity

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4
Q

Life on Earth and refers to the variety found ni biota from the genetic makeup of plants and animals to cultural diversity (WHO)

A

biodiversity

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5
Q

Type of biodiversity: The genes are responsible for the living uniqueness of every
organism.

A

Genetic Diversity

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6
Q

Type of biodiversity: The biological variation that occurs within species

A

Genetic Diversity

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7
Q

Type of biodiversity: usually measured in terms of the total number of species found in a particular area

A

Species Diversity

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8
Q

Type of biodiversity: self sustaining collection of organisms and habitat

A

Ecological Diversity

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9
Q

Benefits of Biodiversity to Society

A

Source of biological resources, Regulate ecological processes

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10
Q

biodiversity provides functioning ecosystems that
supplyoxygen, clean air and water, pollination of plants, pest control, wastewater treatment and many
ecosystem services

A

Ecological life support-

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11
Q
  1. Cupressus sempervirens (cypress), Commiphora myrrha (myrrh)
  2. Plant based drugs - cough, colds, inflammation
A

Herbal medicine= 2600 BC

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12
Q

Plant based drugs- gargles, pils, infusion

A

Ancient Egypt and China

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13
Q

Who & when: recorded medical herbs

A

Greeks - 100 BC - 300BC

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14
Q

Preserved western knowledge= treating illinesses

A
  • Dark and Middle Ages (Europe)
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15
Q

diversity of plants in a region

A

Herbal medicine

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16
Q
  1. Aid in childbirth
  2. Protect immune system from respiratory diseases
A

Salvia apiana (California sage

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17
Q
  1. Manna (melizitose and sucrose)
  2. Diuretic, laxative, expectorant, gastroprotective, anti-diarrheal
A

Alhagi maurorum (camel thorn

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18
Q
  1. Uterine disorder
  2. Flatulence, stimulate senses =seed
A
  • Ligosticum scoticum (Scottish lovage)
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19
Q

Used in painkiller

A

Morphine

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19
Q

Used for anti inflammatory = aspirin

A

Salicylic acid

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20
Q

used in congestive heart failure (1700s)

A

Digitoxin

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21
Q

He -found mold to be preventing the bacteria around it from growing.

A

Dr Alexander Fleming (1928)

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22
Q

are used in drug discovery research.

A

Fungi and microorganisms

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23
Q

Norcadicins, carbapenem, monobactams)

A

B lactams

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24
Q

Dry mouth (xerostomia)

A

Pilocarpine (1994)

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25
Q

Sjogren’s Syndrome Lacrimal and salivary glands

A

Lacrimal and salivary glands

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26
Q

Quinine is used to treat

A
  • Malaria
  • Cinchona succirubra Pav. Ex Klotzch
27
Q

What age: hunting and foraging

28
Q

diversity of living organisms consciously managed by the farmer.

A
  • Agrobiodiversity
29
Q

age: survival, protection, cooking, communication

30
Q

BC: NE China-coal- cooking an d
heating

31
Q

BC: Hydro power - irrigation

32
Q

AD: China - oil wells, lightning, heating

33
Q

Persians- windmill/ water pump

A

500-900 AD

34
Q

Year: windmills/dutch

A

1300 and 1390

35
Q

Year: industrial revolution - biomass -> coal coke

36
Q

as a source of light

A

natural gas

37
Q

Year: Electric generator was developed

37
Q

year: Commercial oil was drilled: Kerosene and Petroleum

38
Q

Augustine Mouchot-first solar powered system in industry

39
Q

Year: geothermal energy

40
Q

Year: Environmental organizations were alarmed on the potential harm to the environment

41
Q

year: nuclear reactor accident (Three Mile Island

42
Q

year: 1980

A
  • Exxon Valdex Oil Spill (Alaska)
43
Q

Year: Coal ash spill (Tennessee
* Oil spill (Gulf of Mexico)
* Nuclear crisis (Fukushima, Japan)

44
Q

Who: repercussions of society’s demand for clean
and abundant energy on biodiversity and human well-being

A

Nathan Jones, Liba Pejchar, Joseph Keisecker (2015)

45
Q

Created ways of producing energy & Adverse effects on biodiversity

A

Demand for energy

46
Q

bodies of water

A
  1. Survival
  2. Livelihood
  3. Irrigation
47
Q

Biodiversity

A

Filtration
2. Storage
3. Water cycle

48
Q

small amounts of nitrogen and nitrogen oxide can?

A

Promotes healthy ecosystem

Balances biodiversity

49
Q

large amounts of nitrogen and nitrogen oxide can?

A
  1. Diminishes the resilience and cleaning capacity of ecosystem overtime
  2. Harmful to vegetation
  3. Reduces resilience of the forest to environmental stresses
50
Q

known as bad ozone

A

ground level ozone

50
Q

Resulted from the reaction of NOx and VOC under the presence of sunlight

A

Ground level Ozone

50
Q

Polution has :

A
  1. Negative impacts on vegetation
    reduces the sink capacity of COz and Ozone
  2. Increased atmospheric CO, and Ozone
  3. Affects global water cycle
50
Q

protects life from UV Rad

A

stratospheric ozone

50
Q

Water treatment: pollutants on soil

A
  1. Affects water purification
  2. Affects soil functioning and
    processes
50
Q

what are the advantages in the field of agriculture

A
  1. Distributes nutrients on lakes and soils
  2. Fills up irrigation channels
  3. Long-term effects as it
    contributes to renewal of wetlands
50
Q

what are the disadvatnages of water storage and flood control in urban areas

A
  1. loss of livelihood
  2. damages to private properties transportation
50
Q

It was finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances

A

the montereal protocol

50
Q

what are the disadvantages in rural areas

A
  1. loss of livelihood
  2. destroy agriculture crops
  3. delays harvesting
  4. deadly for low-lying areas
50
Q

Protocol: international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport and use of living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health.

A

kyoto protocol

51
Q

Pesticides play an important role in increasing crop yields, but they can also pose hazards to human health and the environment

A

pesticides

51
Q

these are substances that were commonly used in products such as refrigeratios, air conditioners, fire extinguishers and aerosols

A

Ozone depleting substances

51
Q

operationalizes the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition t o limit and reduce green house gases (GHG) emissions in accordance with agreed individual targets.

A

kyoto protocol 1997

51
Q

helps sustain human life but it can also pose hazards to human health and environment

A

energy production

51
Q

would encourage greater fuel efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions, but it would also increase the price of transportation

A

increasing taxes on fossil fules

STS (6 decks)

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