Structures & Derivaties Flashcards
Nucleus Propulsus
Notochord
Vertebral column
scleroderm of somites
Primordial gut & primordial germ cells derived from?
Primary yolk sac or exocoelomic cavity
Umbilical arteries and vein
Allantois vessels
Placenta derived from?
Decidua basalis (maternal) & Villous Chorion (fetal)
Epidermis & associated glands, CNS, PNS derived from?
Ectoderm
All bone, CT, and muscle
Mesoderm
Epithelial lining of gut tube & associated glands, epithelial lining of resp tract
Endoderm
Paraxial mesoderm gives rise to?
Somites; future vertebrae and ribs, skeletal muscles, dermis, assorted CT
Lateral mesoderm give rise to
Limb skeleton, visceral CT & muscle, serous membranes, heart & blood, spleen, adrenal cortex
Neural tube gives rise to?
CNS, somatic motor portion of PNS, preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways
Neural crest cells give rise?
Neurons of PNS with soma in somatic sensory and autonomic ganglia (postganglionic neurons), Schwann cells, meninges, adrenal medulla, melanocytes, odontoblasts, skeletal and CT of neck, truncal and conal ridges (heart), C (parafollicular) cells of thyroid gland
Spinal cord neurons and glial cells derived from?
Ventricular zone
White matter of cord derived from?
Marginal zone
Gray matter (soma of ventral, dorsal, and lateral horns) derived from?
Intermediate zone (mantle layer)
Respiratory tract derived from?
Begins from foregut endoderm during 4th wk
Primary buds of laryngotracheal tube form what?
Main bronchi @ 28 - 35 d
Pseudoglandular stage features?
No resp bronchioles so respiration in baby not possible @ 6-16 wk
Canalicular period features?
Type II alveolar cells produce surfactant @ 20 wk’ some respiration possible late in period (16-26 wk) via terminal saccules;
Terminal sac features?
Alveolar duct branches from resp bronchioles (26 wk to birth); simple cuboidal to simple squamous; capillaries establish close contact; increased surfactant
Alveolar period (32 wk to postnatal) features?
Primitive alveoli with well developed epithelial-endothelial relationships
Pericardial, peritoneal, pleural cavities derived from?
Intraembryonic coelom
Central tendon of diaphram derived from?
Septum transversum (mesoderm)
Diaphram derived from?
4 embyronic components: pleuroperitoneal folds grow in from lateral walls; septum transversum becomes central tendon (migrates from cranial location & receives myoblasts and phrenic nerve while still in cervical region); pleuroperitoneal begin to fuse with dorsal mesentry and septum transversum
What does truncus arteriosus become?
ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk
What does Bulbus cordis become?
aortic vestibule; conus arteriosus
What does Sinus Venosus become?
Coronary sinus (left horn); sinus venarum (right horn)
What does Primordial Atrium become?
Pectinate muscle
What does Primordial Pulmonary Veins become?
Smooth part of left atrium (primordial pulmonary veins)
What does Primordial Atrium become?
Rough part of left atrium
How does blood from IVC bypass lungs?
via Foramen Ovale
How does blood from SVC bypass lungs?
via Ductus Arteriosus
What the does Ductus Arteriosus become?
Ligamentum arteriosum
Describe the growth of the Septum Primum
Grows from roof of primordial atrium towards, and will eventually fuse with, endocardial cushion.
How does the Septum Secundum develop?
Before the septum primum fuses with cushion the foramen secundum is formed by rupture of septum primum; Secundum grows down & overlaps Primum -> acts like valve
What does the truncal ridges (from neural crest cells) become?
Aorticopulmonary septum which divides truncus into ascending aorta & pulmonary trunk
What does the Bulbar Ridges become?
Bulbar septum which divides bulbus into conus arteriosus and aortic vestibule
What does the primordial IV septum become?
Muscular portion of septum
What does the Endocardial cushion become?
Membranous portion of septum
Which layer of tissue gives rise to the amnion and the amniotic cavity?
Epiblast
What do cells of Alar plate give rise to?
Sensory Neuroblasts in DH
What do cells of Basal plate give rise to?
Motor neuroblasts in VH
