Structures and Tissues of Plants Flashcards
Dicotyledons
A flowering plant with an embryo that bears two cotyledons (seed leaves). E.g. grasses, maize, palm trees
Monocotyledons
A flowering plant with an embryo that bears a single cotyledon (seed leaf). E.g. most woody trees and shrubs, herbaceous plants like daisies and roses
Gymnosperm
Non-flowering plant- usually contains seeds in cones, e.g. pine trees
Angiosperms
Flowering plants. Divided into two groups (Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons) depending on seed structure, leaf form, flower parts, root systems and way in which plant tissues are arranged in leaf, stem and root. E.g. sunflowers
Pericycle
A thin layer of plant tissue between the endodermis and the phloem.
Collenchyma
A tissue strengthened by the thickening of cell walls, as in young shoots.
Sclerenchyma
A strengthening tissue in a plant, formed from cells with thickened, typically lignified, walls.
Xylem
A plant vascular tissue conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and provides physical support.
Phloem
Phloem is the vascular tissue in charge of the transport and distribution of organic nutrients.
Permeable
Some liquids can pass through a material or membrane.
Tonoplast
The membrane that surrounds the vacuole of a plant cell.
Active Transport
The movement of a substance against a concentration gradient using energy.
Osmosis
Movement of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane until equally distributed in equilibrium.
Diffusion
Movement of particles of a substance from a high concentration region to a low concentration region until equally distributed in equilibrium.
Translocation
Movement of substances from where they are made to where they are used.
