Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding (1.1)

Question 1

Covalent bond

Answer 1

Atoms share electrons

Question 2

What is more electronegative, oxygen or water?

Answer 2

Oxygen

Question 3

Why is there polarity between oxygen and hydrogen bonds?

Answer 3

Unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen

Question 4

Polarity

Answer 4

When there are differences atomic electronegativities

Question 5

Hydrogen bond

Answer 5

Weak bond interaction between negative and positive regions of two separate molecules

Question 6

What are the properties of water?

Answer 6

Cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, high solvency, less density in solid form, high heat capacity, and capillary action

Question 7

Cohesion

Answer 7

Two of the same molecule form hydrogen bonds together

Question 8

Adhesion

Answer 8

Two different molecules form hydrogen bonds together

Question 9

Surface tension

Answer 9

Hydrogen bonding forces between water molecules at the surface

Question 10

Surface tension is a result of what?

Answer 10

Hydrogen bonding forces

Question 11

High solvency

Answer 11

Water is a solvent in many cases in its liquid state

Question 12

Water’s high solvency property is a result of what?

Answer 12

Adhesion

Question 13

What can high solvency be used for in organisms?

Answer 13

Cells of organisms can receive nutrients easily when things dissolve in water

Question 14

Less density in solid form

Answer 14

Unique hydrogen bond interaction when water is in a solid state making it less dense than its liquid state, meaning ice floats

Question 15

What other property does water’s less dense property as a solid result from?

Answer 15

Cohesion

Question 16

Why is water’s less density when solid property beneficial or organisms?

Answer 16

Organisms in aquatic environments are still able to live in bodies of water in colder temperatures because ice freezes over the top of the surface first, not completely

Question 17

High heat capacity

Answer 17

Water absorbs a lot of thermal energy before changing chemical states and resists sudden changes in temperature

Question 18

What other property of water is high heat capacity a result of?

Answer 18

Cohesion

Question 19

How can organisms benefit from high heat capacity?

Answer 19

Organisms in aquatic environments won’t have sudden changes in their habitats even if the temperature surrounding their environment changes suddenly and they can stay at functional temperatures

Question 20

Capillary action

Answer 20

Water is attracted to water (can “travel”)

Question 21

Capillary action is a result of what other properties of water?

Answer 21

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 22

How can capillary action be used in the environment?

Answer 22

Roots use capillary action to get water from the soil and transport it throughout the plant