Structure Of The Mammalian Heart

Question 0

1) the right side pumps… To the….

2) the left side pumps….. To the…

Answer 0

1) deoxygenated blood to Lungs to be oxygenated

2) oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.

Question 1

What’s the heart?

Answer 1

This is a muscular pump that creates pressure( blood pressure) to propel the blood through the arteries and around the body

Question 2

Where is the coronary arteries located, and what do they do.

Answer 2

They lie over the surface of the heart. They carry oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself.

Question 3

What is the other name for heart attack apart from angina?

Answer 3

Myocardial infarction

Question 4

What is the role of the vena cava?

Answer 4

It allow deoxygenated blood from the body to flow through into the right atrium.

Question 5

What’s the role of the pulmonary vein?

Answer 5

It allows oxygenated blood to flow through the vessel from the lungs into the left atrium.

Question 6

Name the thin flaps in the ventricles which: tissues arranged in a cup shape.

Answer 6

The atrioventricular valves.

Question 7

When the ventricle contract, what three things occur?

Answer 7

1) valves fill with blood
2) they remain closed
3) force blood upwards into the major arteries and not back into the atria

Question 8

Name the string- like substance within the ventricles, and describe there function.

Answer 8

The tendinous cords. These attach the valves to the walls if the ventricles

Question 9

What do the tendinous cords prevent from occurring ?

Answer 9

They prevent the flimsy valves from turning inside out, which allow blood to flow up into the atria.

Question 10

Describe the role of the septum in the heart.

Answer 10

The wall of muscle separates the ventricles from each other. Ensuring the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix

Question 11

What is found at the base of the major arteries, which exit the heart, and what is it’s function.

Answer 11

Semilunar valves; which prevent blood returning to the heart as the ventricles relax.

Question 12

Describe the muscles in the atria

Answer 12

They have thin muscles. They don’t need to create much pressure but to push the blood into the ventricles.

Question 13

Describe the right ventricle.

Answer 13

It’d thicker than the walls of the atria, but thinner than the left ventricle

Question 14

Why do the right ventricles apply less pressure than the left?

Answer 14

The deoxygenated blood is traveling to the lungs which are located in the chest cavity, which are close

The blood flows through thin capillaries which have very little tissue fluid, capillaries are in close contact with alveoli. To much pressure can burst them.

Question 15

Describe the function of the left ventricle.

Answer 15

Two to three times bigger than right.

Blood flows to aorta needs sufficient pressure to overcome the resistance of systematic circulation.

Question 16

The sequence of events that occur in one heartbeat is known as…. What?

Answer 16

Cardiac cycle

Question 17

The filling phase is also know as… What?

Answer 17

Diastole phase

Question 18

Name the four major aspects of the filling stage?

Answer 18

1) both atria and ventricles relax
2) internal volume increases due to blood flowing from hearts major veins.

3)blood flows into atria
4 then through the atrioventricular valves into the ventricles.

Question 19

The atrial contraction is also know as…..what?

Answer 19

Atrial systole

Question 20

What happened during atrial contraction?

Answer 20

Both the left and right atria contract together. The small increase in pressure helps to push blood into the ventricles.this stretches the walls if the ventricles and ensures that there full of blood.

When V are full they contract. Blood fill AV values prevent back flow in the atria.

Question 21

Atrial systole describes what?

Answer 21

The contraction of the atria

Question 22

What does ventricle systole describe?

Answer 22

The contraction of the ventricles

Question 23

Explain the process of ventricular contraction?

Answer 23

Walls of ventricles contract. Increases pressure in the V very quickly. Contraction starts in the apex pushing the upwards towards the arteries. SV open and blood is pushed out of heart. The ventricles relaxes so it can start again.