Structure Of The Internet Flashcards
What does WWW stand for?
World Wide Web
What does the WWW do?
A collection of web pages that reside on computers connected to the Internet
Who created the concept of the WWW?
Sir Tim Berners-Lee
How does each continent connect to each other?
Using backbone cables by trans-continental leased lined fed across the sea beds
What are Internet Service Providers (ISP) and how do they help connect internet access to nations and people?
They connect to the backbone and distribute the Intent connection to smaller provides who in turn provide access to individuals
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator
What does a URL do?
It’s the full address of an Internet resource, it specifies the location, resource name and file type
What is the point of an URL?
So that a browser can request a resource from a websites server
What is an Internet registrars?
They hold records of all existing websites and the details of those domains that are available to purchase
What is ICAAN, who govern Internet registrars?
International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
What do Internet registrars allocate out and keep track off, which identifies the area or domain an Internet resource resides in?
DNS
What does DNS stand for?
Domain Name System
How is DNS structured?
Into a hierarchy of smaller domains and written as a string separated by full stops
How many IP address does each domain name have?
One or more equivalents
What catalogues all domain names and IP addresses in a series of global directories that domain name servers can access inn order to find the correct IP address for a resource?
DNS
What includes the host server name depending on whether the resource being requested in hosted on the web, mail or ftp server?
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
What is an IP or Internet Protocol address?
A unique adresse that is assigned to a network device that indicates where a packet is to be sent to or has been sent from
How can Routers use IP addresses?
Routers can use this address to direct the data packet accordingly
What is Wide Area Networks (WANs)
An network of inter-connected interworks spread over a large geographical area
What is Local Area Networks (LANs)
An number of computing drives on a single site or a single building connected together usually by cables
What is the advantage and disadvantage of LANs?
They transmit data very fats but only over a short distance
What are three LAN topologies?
Physical Bus topology, Physical Star Topology, Mesh Network Topology
What is an physical bus topology?
All computers are connected to a single computer and the ends of the cable are plugged to a terminator
What is the advantages of a physical bus topology?
Inexpensive to install, as less cable than star topology and doesn’t require any additional hardware
What is the disadvantages of a physical bus topology?
If the main cable fails, network data can no longer be transmitted to any of the nodes, performance degrades with heavy traffic, low security as all computers on the network can see all data transmissions
What is an physical star topology?
A network that has a central node, which may be a switch or computer, which acts as a router to transmit data
What can a switch do on a physical star topology?
keeps a record of the unique MAC address of each device on the network and can identify which computer on the network it should send the data to
What are the advantages of a physical star topology?
If one cable fails only one station is affected, consigned performance even under heavy use, higher transmissions speeds can give better performance than a bus network, system more secure as message sent directly and easy to add ne nations without disrupting the network
What are the disadvantage of a physical star topology?
May be costly because of the length of cable required and if the central device goes down network data can no longer be transmitted
What the difference between a physical and a logical topology?
A physical topology is its actual design layout and a logical topology is the shape of the path the data travels in and describes how components communicate across the physical topology
What is Wi-fi?
A local area wireless technology that enables you to connect computing devices
What is Wireless Access Point (WAP)?
In order to connect a wireless network a computer device needs a wireless network adapter, the WAP connects itself to a router and helps connect devices to a router to the internet
What is a mesh network topology?
Each node had connection to another node, by transmitting data across any intermediate nodes but only one node requires a connection to the internet and all others share this connection
What are the advantages of a wireless mesh network?
No cabling cost, the more does installed, the faster and more reliable the network becomes, new nodes are automatically incorporated into the network and faster communication since packets do not need a central switch
