Internet Communication

Question 1

What is Circuit Switching?

Answer 1

Creating a direct link between two devices for the duration of the communication

Question 2

When using circuit switching when is bandwidth wasted?

Answer 2

During the period when no data is being sent

Question 3

What is the network of both devices for packet switching to occur?

Answer 3

Both must transmit and receive data at the same rate

Question 4

How do packets arrive under circuit switching?

Answer 4

Data segments or packets arrive in the same order they are sent, simpering the process of reconstructing the message

Question 5

What is packet switching?

Answer 5

A method of communicating packets across a network on which other similar communications are happening simultaneously

Question 6

What is packets?

Answer 6

Data that is to be transmitted across a network is broken down into more manageable chunks

Question 7

What is the size of most packets?

Answer 7

Between 500 to 1500 bytes

Question 8

Why so some packets use a checksum or Cyclical Redundant Check (CRC)?

Answer 8

To detect transmission errors by creating and attaching a hash total checksum form the data contained in the packets

Question 9

How can a packets be refused because of suspected data corruption?

Answer 9

If the CRC totals differ

Question 10

What inside the packet includes the senders and the recipients IP address?

Answer 10

The header

Question 11

What is the data packet expiration called?

Answer 11

Time To Live (TTL) or hop limit

Question 12

What route is used when sending packets across the internet?

Answer 12

The fastest or least congested route?

Question 13

What are routers used for in the internet?

Answer 13

Used to connect at least tow networks

Question 14

What is the act of traversing between one router and another across a network refers as?

Answer 14

A hop

Question 15

What is the job of a router?

Answer 15

Read the recipients IP address in each packet and forward it on to the recipient via the fastest and least congested route to the next router until all packets reach its destination

Question 16

What can routers use to store and update the locations of other network devices to find the most efficient route?

Answer 16

Routing algorithm

Question 17

when a router is connected to the internet, why must it be registered with the Internet registry?

Answer 17

The IP address of the port connecting has to be register because this IP address must be unique over the whole end

Question 18

What is used when protocols differ between networks?

Answer 18

A gateway

Question 19

What do gateway do?

Answer 19

Strips the header data from the packet leaving only the raw data and new data is added in the format of the new network before it get sent

Question 20

What bus every computer device have to be part of a network?

Answer 20

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Question 21

What does every NIC have a unique hard-coded card which uniquely identifies the device?

Answer 21

Media Access Control address (MAC address)

Question 22

What is a protocol?

Answer 22

A set of rules define the common methods of data communication

Question 23

What does TCP/IP stand for?

Answer 23

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

Question 24

What are the four TCP/IP layers?

Answer 24

Application layer, transport layer, internet layer, link layer

Question 25

Where does the application layer sit on the stack?

Answer 25

At the top

Question 26

What does the application layer do?

Answer 26

Uses protocols relating to the application being used to transmit data over a network

Question 27

What does the transport layer use?

Answer 27

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Question 28

What does the transport layer do?

Answer 28

Established an end-to-end connection with the recipient computer ensuring packets are handled by the correct application on the recipient computer

Question 29

What does the Internet layer do?

Answer 29

Adds the source and destination IP address, routers operate on the network layer and will use the IP addresses to forward the packets

Question 30

What does the link layer do?

Answer 30

Is the physical connection between network nodes and adds the unique MAC addresses identifying the NICS of the source and destination computers

Question 31

What does FTP stand for?

Answer 31

File Transfer Protocol

Question 32

What does FTP do?

Answer 32

A high level protocol in the application layer using approbate software with the user just dragging across files

Question 33

What are three protocols used for email data transferring?

Answer 33

Post Office Protocol V3 (POP3), Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) and Simple Mail Transfer (SMTP)