Structure Of The Atom Flashcards
Describe what are electrons?
Negatively charged and are found circling the nucleus
Describe neutrons
Positively charged and are found in the nucleus
What is a chemical element?
Consists of only one type of atom
What other name can be used for atomic number?
Proton number
How can we work out the mass number of an element?
Mass = protons + neutrons
NOTE: neutrons is also equal to the number of nucleons
Name the first 4 alkali metals
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Name the first 3 alkali earth metals
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Name the first 2 halogens
Fluorine
Chlorine
Name the first 3 noble gases
Helium
Neon
Argon
Which group is the most reactive?
Group 1, 7
Name the first 5 transition metals
Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese
Explain what electrolysis of water is
The decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas. Electric currents are passed through the water causing it to decompose.
Basically…the use of electricity to separate a compound into its elements
How is a compound formed?
When 2 or more elements are chemically combined
What gases does water consist of?
Hydrogen
Oxygen
What mechanism can be used for electrolysis of water?
A Hoffman - Voltameter
What name can be given for ‘2 of the same atoms’
Diatomic
Name a few diatomic molecules?
Hydrogen gas
Oxygen gas
Chlorine gas
Nitrogen gas
Name the elements in nitrogen dioxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
What is the difference between nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide?
Nitrogen oxide contains only 1 oxygen atom
Nitrogen dioxide contains 2 oxygen atoms (diatomic)
Why would the volume of hydrogen collected be more than the volume of oxygen?
There are 2 hydrogen atoms in a water molecule therefore the hydrogen volume is larger
Describe protons?
Positively charged, found in the nucleus
