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physiology > structure of skeletal muscles > Flashcards

structure of skeletal muscles Flashcards

1
Q

which kind of muscles are branched

A

cardiac

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2
Q

largest muscle

A

skeletal

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3
Q

which muscle has the entire sarcomere apparatus absent

A

smooth muscle

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4
Q

t tubules are absent in

A

smooth muscles

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5
Q

which muscles never tetanize

A

cardiac muscles

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6
Q

summation is seen only in

A

skeletal muscles

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7
Q

resting membrane potential is unstable in

A

smooth muscles

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8
Q

in smooth muscles calcium binds with

A

calmodulin

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9
Q

which muscle has neurogenic and myogenic control

A

skeletal and cardiac respectively

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10
Q

which muscle contracts fastest

A

skeletal

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11
Q

souce of calcium in smooth muscles

A

extracellular

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12
Q

multinucleate muscle fibres in

A

skeletal muscles

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13
Q

which layer covers the epimyesium

A

fascia

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14
Q

what is a muscle bundle or fasciculi

A

a group of musscle cells surrounded by perimyesium

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15
Q

what is aponeurosis

A

tendon that is flat stretched out and tough

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16
Q

are sarcolemma and endomysium separate

A

yes

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17
Q

groups of myofibrils are known as

A

cohnheim’s areas

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18
Q

which band is also known as Q disc

A

+dark band

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19
Q

basic contractile unit of muscle

A

sarcomere

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20
Q

length of sarcomere

A

2-3u

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21
Q

length of sarcomere

A

2-3u

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22
Q

m line is formed by

A

myosin binding proteins

23
Q

what is h line

A

light region in dark band where only myosin is present

24
Q

serial order of muscle arrangement from largest to smallest

A

fascia- epimysium- muscle- perimysium- fasciculus- endomysium- sarcolemma- muscle fibre- myofibril - myofilament( actin and myosin)

25
Q

sliding mechanism is also known as

A

ratchet mechanism

26
Q

lateral processes from myosin filament

A

cross bridges

27
Q

which class of myosin in present in sarcomere

A

Myosin II

28
Q

how many myosin molecules in one myosin filament

A

200

29
Q

how many chains in one myosin molecule

A

2 heavy chain and 4 light chain

30
Q

2 parts of each myosin molecule

A

head part and tail part

31
Q

what is myosin tail formed of

A

two heavy chains that are helically twisted around each other

32
Q

in which part is myosin head absent

A

h zone

33
Q

what are the two attachment sites in myosin head

A

one is for ATP and other is for actin filament

34
Q

f actin is a polymer of

A

G actin

35
Q

what attaches to active site of actin molecule

A

myosin head

36
Q

which protein masks the active site of actin

A

troponin

37
Q

three subunits of troponin

A

I,T,C

38
Q

which protein connects actin to Z line

A

actinin

39
Q

which protein runs in close association with actin and parallel to it

A

nebulin

40
Q

which protein connects sarcolemma and z line

A

desmin

41
Q

which protein connects m line and z line

A

titn

42
Q

which protein connects m line and z line

A

titin

43
Q

which protein is responsible for elasticity of muscles

A

titin

44
Q

which protein connects actin to dystroglycan

A

dystropin

45
Q

which protein connects actin to dystroglycan(transmembrane protein of sarcolemma)

A

dystrophin

46
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum is what type of sarcoplasmic tubule

A

L tubule

47
Q

ECF runs through the lumen of which tubule

A

t tubule

48
Q

which tubules are close and open

A

L tubules are closed and T tubules are open(open to exxterior)

49
Q

what are terminal cisternae

A

a pair of dilated L tubules surrounding T tubule

50
Q

what is a triad in skeletal muscle

A

a t tubule surrounded by a pair of cisternae

51
Q

function of T tubule

A

transmission of action potential to interior of myocyte

52
Q

haemogobin analogue in muscles

A

myoglobin

53
Q

functions of L tubule

A

storage and release of calcium

54
Q

muscle composition

A

75% water, 25% solids (20% protein)

physiology (12 decks)

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