Structure of RNA

Question 1

RNA structure

Answer 1

-single-stranded polynucleotide
-contains the pentose sugar ribose
-purine bases - adenine and guanine
-pyrimidine bases - cytosine and uracil

Question 2

Three types of RNA involved in process of protein synthesis are:

Answer 2

-Messenger RNA
-Ribosomal RNA
-Transfer RNA

Question 3

Messenger RNA

Answer 3

-long, single stranded molecule
-is synthesised in the nucleus and carried genetic code from DNA to ribosome in cytoplasm
-different mRNA molecules have different lengths related to lengths of genes which they are transcribed from

Question 4

Ribosomal RNA

Answer 4

-found in cytoplasm, compromises large, complex molecules
-ribosomes made from ribosomal RNA and protein
-site of translation of the genetic code into protein

Question 5

Transfer RNA

Answer 5

-small single stranded molecule which folds, so in places there are base sequences forming complementary pairs
-shape described as cloverleaf
-3 end of molecule has base sequence cytosine-cytosine-adenine where specific amino acid the molecule carries is attached
-carries sequence of three bases called anticodon
-molecules on tRNA transport specific amino acids to the ribosomes in protein synthesis