Structure Of Prokaryotic Cells And Of Viruses

Question 1

Example of prokaryotic cells (2)

Answer 1

Bacteria
Archaea

Question 2

Prokaryotic cells are much ……. Then eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

Smaller

Question 3

Prokaryotic cells lack….

Answer 3

Membrane bond organelles

Question 4

What does having no nucleus in prokaryotic cells mean for the DNA

Answer 4

Singular circular DNA molecule that is free in the cytoplasm and is not associated with any proteins
Can contain plasmids

Question 5

What do plasmids contain

Answer 5

Small number of genes - can make it resistant to antibiotics

Question 6

In prokaryotic cells the ribosomes are ….. (give specific size number)

Answer 6

Smaller
70S

Question 7

What is the cell wall in bacteria made of

Answer 7

Glycoprotein aka murein

Question 8

What is peptidoglycan

Answer 8

A polymer formed between peptides and polysaccharide molecules

Question 9

What is the function of the bacteria cell wall

Answer 9

Helps maintain structure of the cell

Question 10

What do some bacteria produce on the outside of the cell
(What does it do)

Answer 10

Slime capsule
Protects from phagocytosis

Question 11

Some prokaryotic cells contain ….. to help them move

Answer 11

flagellum

Question 12

What are pili

Answer 12

Fine protein strands on bacteria

Question 13

What are the fine protein strands on bacteria called

Answer 13

Pili

Question 14

What do pili do

Answer 14

Help bacteria attach to surfaces or onto each other and share DNA

Question 15

What are the nutrient stores in bacteria

Answer 15

Lipid droplets
Glycogen granules

Question 16

What is a mesosome

Answer 16

Infolding in the cells membrane of prokaryotic cells created when preparing the bacteria cell
(Look like a whit hole star thingy)

Question 17

Viruses can only reproduce…

Answer 17

When inside a host cell

Question 18

Do viruses have genetic material

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What is the genetic material in a virus contained in

Answer 19

A protein structure called a capsid

Question 20

What is found on the surface of a virus

Answer 20

Attachment proteins

Question 21

What is the capsid sometimes surrounded by

Answer 21

A lipid envelope

Question 22

What does acellular mean

Answer 22

Not based on cells

Question 23

Why a viruses counted as non-living

Answer 23

They cannot reproduce by themselves

Question 24

How do bacteria divide

Answer 24

Binary fission

Question 25

Function of attachment protein

Answer 25

Let viruses cling onto suitable host cell

Question 26

What is another name for protein attachments

Answer 26

Protein antigens

Question 27

Why would there be a faster rate of plasmid replication in an area with high amino acid concentrations

Answer 27

Amino acids used in respiration
More energy for plasmid replication

Question 28

Difference in DNA between nucleus of plant cell and in DNA in prokaryotic cell x5

Answer 28

Histones. / no histones
No plasmids. / plasmids
Longer. / shorter
Introns. / no introns
Linear. / circular

Question 29

Name an organelle found in both chloroplast and prokaryotic cells

Answer 29

Ribosomes