Structure of Matter

Question 1

Metals

Answer 1

readily lose electrons

Question 2

Non-Metals

Answer 2

make up most of the crust, atmosphere and oceans of the earth

Question 3

Metalloids

Answer 3

properties of both metals and non-metals

Question 4

Vertical Columns

Answer 4

groups or families, number of outer shell electrons

Question 5

Horizontal Rows

Answer 5

periods or series

Question 6

Transitional Elements

Answer 6

any element in the d-block, groups 3-12

Question 7

Valence Electrons

Answer 7

number of electrons in the outermost shell

Question 8

Valence

Answer 8

ability of an atom to combine with another

Question 9

Rule of Octet (Bury-Bohr Principle)

Answer 9

no outer shell electron can contain more than 8 electrons, chemically stable

Question 10

Chemically Unstable Atoms

Answer 10

atoms with less than 8 electron in its outer shell

Question 11

Ions

Answer 11

atoms that have a positve or negative charge

Question 12

Chemical Bonds

Answer 12

elements held together by using valence electrons

Question 13

Ionic Bond

Answer 13

bond formed by oppisetly charged ions

Question 14

Covalent Bond

Answer 14

sharing of electrons

Question 15

Electron

Answer 15

negative charge, 9.11x10^-31

Question 16

Proton

Answer 16

positive charge, 1.673x10^-27

Question 17

Neutron

Answer 17

no charge, 1.675x10^-27

Question 18

Nucleus

Answer 18

center of the atom

Question 19

Nucleons

Answer 19

particles in the nucleus, protons+neutrons

Question 20

Nuclide

Answer 20

specific number of protons and neutrons

Question 21

Bohr Atom

Answer 21

miniature solar system

Question 22

Atomic Number

Answer 22

number of protons, represented by Z

Question 23

Atomic Mass Number

Answer 23

protons and neutrons, represented by A

Question 24

Electron Binding Energy

Answer 24

strength of an attachement of an electron to the nucleus, strongest at K-shell