Structure Of Mammalian Exchange Systems Flashcards
What are the 7 adaptations of the alveoli
Large surface area
Thin walls
Moist walls
Permeable walls
Extensive blood supply
Large diffusion gradient
Well ventilated
Why is alveoli having a large surface area good for gas exchange
Lots of diffusion can happen at once
Why is alveoli having thin walls good for gas exchange
It means that the diffusion pathway is shorter
Why is alveoli having moist walls good for gas exchange
Moist walls allow gases to dissolve more easily helping them to pass through the gas exchange surface
Why is alveoli having permeable walls good for gas exchange
It allows gases to pass through
Why is alveoli having an extensive blood supply good for gas exchange
It ensures oxygen rich blood is taken away from the lungs and carbon dioxide rich blood is taken to the lungs
Why is alveoli having a large diffusion gradient good for gas exchange
It ensures that O2 concentration is higher in the alveoli than the capillaries so that O2 diffuses FROM the alveoli TO the blood. CO2 diffuses in the opposite direction
Why is alveoli being well ventilated area good for gas exchange
It ensures a concentration gradient of oxygen is maintained
What does the trachea run next to
The oesophagus
What could be a problem with the oesophagus running next to the trachea
It could squish the trachea as large pieces of food are digested, blocking the amount of air getting in
What is the trachea made up of
Cartilage
How is the trachea adapted for being next to the oesophagus? Why
It is made of cartilage to stop it from being squished by large pieces of food and to strengthen it
