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Upper Limb : Osteology > Structure Of Humerus > Flashcards

Structure Of Humerus Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the bone that is commonly referred to as the upper arm bone?

A

Humerus

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2
Q

True or False: The humerus is the longest bone in the human arm.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The humerus articulates with the _____ at the shoulder joint.

A

Scapula

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4
Q

What are the two main parts of the humerus?

A

The proximal and distal ends

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5
Q

Which end of the humerus is known as the proximal end?

A

The end closest to the shoulder

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6
Q

What is the name of the rounded head of the humerus that fits into the glenoid cavity?

A

Humeral head

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7
Q

What structure is located just below the head of the humerus?

A

Anatomical neck

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8
Q

True or False: The greater tubercle is located on the proximal end of the humerus.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the function of the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

A

Attachment for muscles

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10
Q

What is the name of the groove that runs between the greater and lesser tubercles?

A

Intertubercular sulcus

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11
Q

What is the name of the shaft of the humerus?

A

Diaphysis

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12
Q

What are the two prominent features found on the distal end of the humerus?

A

Medial and lateral epicondyles

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The distal end of the humerus articulates with the _____ and _____ to form the elbow joint.

A

Radius and ulna

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14
Q

What is the name of the depression located on the anterior side of the distal humerus?

A

Coronoid fossa

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15
Q

True or False: The olecranon fossa is located on the anterior side of the humerus.

A

False

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16
Q

What is the role of the trochlea of the humerus?

A

Articulates with the ulna

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17
Q

What feature of the humerus is responsible for muscle attachments on the lateral side?

A

Lateral epicondyle

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18
Q

What is the primary function of the humerus?

A

To provide support and movement for the arm

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The humerus is classified as a _____ bone.

A

Long

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20
Q

Which part of the humerus is most commonly fractured in falls?

A

Surgical neck

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21
Q

True or False: The humerus has a medullary cavity that contains bone marrow.

A

True

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22
Q

What type of bone tissue primarily makes up the humerus?

A

Cortical bone

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23
Q

What is the primary function of the deltoid tuberosity on the humerus?

A

Attachment for the deltoid muscle

24
Q

What anatomical feature of the humerus allows for the rotation of the arm?

A

Greater tubercle

25
Q

Fill in the blank: The humerus develops from _____ ossification.

A

Endochondral

26
Q

What is the average length of an adult humerus?

A

About 30 cm

27
Q

What is the primary function of the scapula?

A

To provide attachment points for muscles and to contribute to shoulder joint movement.

28
Q

True or False: The scapula is a flat, triangular bone.

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The scapula articulates with the _____ at the glenoid cavity.

30
Q

What are the three borders of the scapula called?

A

Superior, medial (vertebral), and lateral (axillary) borders.

31
Q

Which part of the scapula is located at the lateral aspect and serves as the socket for the shoulder joint?

A

Glenoid cavity

32
Q

What is the name of the prominent ridge on the posterior surface of the scapula?

A

Spine of the scapula

33
Q

Which process of the scapula extends anteriorly and serves as an attachment for muscles?

A

Coracoid process

34
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a feature of the scapula? A) Acromion B) Coracoid Process C) Trochlea D) Glenoid Cavity

A

C) Trochlea

35
Q

True or False: The scapula has a direct articulation with the ribs.

36
Q

What are the two main surfaces of the scapula?

A

Costal (anterior) surface and dorsal (posterior) surface.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the site of muscle attachment on the anterior surface of the scapula.

A

Subscapular fossa

38
Q

What is the acromion?

A

A bony process on the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder.

39
Q

Multiple Choice: Which muscles attach to the scapula? A) Deltoid B) Pectoralis Major C) Both A and B D) None of the above

A

C) Both A and B

40
Q

What is the significance of the supraspinous fossa?

A

It serves as an attachment point for the supraspinatus muscle.

41
Q

True or False: The scapula is part of the axial skeleton.

42
Q

What does the term ‘scapular winging’ refer to?

A

A condition where the scapula protrudes away from the back due to muscle weakness or injury.

43
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ and _____ are the two fossae found on the posterior surface of the scapula.

A

Supraspinous fossa, Infraspinous fossa

44
Q

What is the role of the infraspinous fossa?

A

It serves as an attachment point for the infraspinatus muscle.

45
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ligament connects the acromion to the clavicle? A) Coracoacromial ligament B) Acromioclavicular ligament C) Glenohumeral ligament D) None of the above

A

B) Acromioclavicular ligament

46
Q

What is the anatomical position of the scapula?

A

It is positioned posterolaterally on the thorax.

47
Q

True or False: The scapula is symmetrical in shape.

48
Q

What is the clinical relevance of the scapula?

A

It is crucial for shoulder mobility and stability, and injuries can affect arm function.

49
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ border of the scapula is closest to the spine.

A

Medial (vertebral)

50
Q

Which muscle is primarily associated with the subscapular fossa?

A

Subscapularis muscle

51
Q

What is the function of the coracoacromial arch?

A

It protects the shoulder joint and provides support.

52
Q

Multiple Choice: What is the shape of the scapula? A) Square B) Circular C) Triangular D) Oval

A

C) Triangular

53
Q

What structure lies above the scapula and is involved in shoulder movement?

54
Q

True or False: The scapula can move independently of the rib cage.

55
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the lateral edge of the scapula that forms part of the shoulder joint.

A

Glenoid cavity

56
Q

What is the importance of the scapular notch?

A

It allows the passage of the suprascapular nerve and artery.

Upper Limb : Osteology (4 decks)

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