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ANAT 200 - INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > STRUCTURE OF EPIDERMIS > Flashcards

STRUCTURE OF EPIDERMIS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stratum corneum?

A

Protects skin from stuff going in and out

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2
Q

What is stratum germinativum?

A

Basal layer of epidermis

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3
Q

Structure of EPIDERMIS from superficial to deepest (7):

A
  1. Stratum corneum
  2. Stratum lucidum (clear layer)
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum spinosum
  5. Stratum germinativum
  6. Dermal papilla
  7. Dermis
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4
Q

What is stratum germinativum known as?

A

Stratum basale

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5
Q

What is stratum germinativum composed of?

A

Large basal cells

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6
Q

Where do stratum germinativum attach to?

A

Firmly attach to basal lamina

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7
Q

What are the large basal cells in stratum germinativum?

A

Stem cells that divide to give rise to new keratinocytes

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8
Q

What are keratinocytes?

A

Most abundant epithelial cells in epidermis

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9
Q

What is the stratum spinosum known as?

A

Spiny layer

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10
Q

What is stratum spinosum composed of?

A

Keratinocytes

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11
Q

What do keratinocytes contain?

A

Contain bundle of tonofilaments (protein filaments)

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12
Q

What are tonofilaments?

A

Act as cross braces; begin and end between adjacent cell junctions (desmosomes)

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13
Q

What do desmosomes do?

A

Attach keratinocytes together

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14
Q

What are keratinocytes still capable of?

A

Division

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15
Q

What is the stratum granulosum known as?

A

Granular layer

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16
Q

What does the stratum granulosum produce?

A

Production of large quantities of keratohyalin and keratin

17
Q

What does the accumulation of keratohyalin lead to?

A

Keratohyalin granules

18
Q

What is the function of granules?

A

Secrete lipids that fill spaces between keratinocytes (form water-repellent sealant)

19
Q

What does the sealant prevent and eventually lead to?

A

Prevent cell diffusion, leading to keratinocyte death

20
Q

What is the stratum lucidum known as?

A

Clear layer

21
Q

What is stratum lucidum composed of?

A

Large amounts of keratin and thickened plasma membrane

22
Q

Where is stratum lucidum only found?

A

Only found in volar skin (palmar and plantar skin)

23
Q

What is stratum corneum known as?

A

Corne (hoof-like or hard)

24
Q

What is stratum corneum composed of?

A

Multiple layers of dead cells

25
Q

What do the cells do in stratum corneum?

A

Cells continuously shed and replaced

26
Q

What kind of barrier is stratum corneum?

A

Water-repellent barrier

27
Q

What does the stratum corneum protect?

A

Protection against abrasion and microbial invasion

28
Q

Which layer of skin is the thinnest in thin skin?

A

Stratum corneum is much thinner in thin skin

29
Q

How are other epidermal layers in thin skin?

A

Less clear in thin skin (less distinctive)

30
Q

Which two parts of the skin are less developed in thin skin?

A
  1. Dermal papillae
  2. Epidermal ridges

ANAT 200 - INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (8 decks)

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