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Biology Unit 1 > Structure of DNA > Flashcards

Structure of DNA Flashcards

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1
Q

What is DNA

A

A Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

Whats found in the nucleus in units

A

Chromosomes

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3
Q

What shape is DNA

A

Twisted double helix

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4
Q

What sub units is DNA made up from

A

Nucleotides

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5
Q

What are the bases in DNA

A

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

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6
Q

What is the structure of the DNA nucleotide made up from

A

Phosphate, Deoxyribose, Sugar Base

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7
Q

What’s a sugar phosphate background

A

A strong chemical bond that forms between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the deoxyribose sugar of the next

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8
Q

What’s the complementary base pairing

A

Adenine to Thymine Cytosine to Guanine

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9
Q

What bonds are are between the complimentary base paring

A

Weak hydrogen bonds

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10
Q

Is the DNA strand single or Double stranded

A

Double stranded

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10
Q

Are the strands parallel or anti parallel

A

Anti parallel

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11
Q

What does the base sequence of DNA forms

A

Genetic Code

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12
Q

What are prokaryotes

A

Prokaryotes are organisms that do not have memory bound organelles like bacteria

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13
Q

Describe how the DNA is organised in prokaryotes

A

A single circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids

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14
Q

What are Eukaryotes

A

Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria and some have chloroplasts

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15
Q

Are eukaryotes linear or circular chromosomes in the nucleus

A

Circular

16
Q

What are eukaryotes associated with

A

Histones and are tightly coiled and packed around them

17
Q

What do they contain as well

A

Circular chromosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts

18
Q

What organisms are all eukaryotes

A

Plants and animals

19
Q

What’s a special example of a eukaryote

A

Yeast

20
Q

Where are linear chromosomes found

A

The nucleus of eukaryotes

21
Q

Where are circular chromosomes found

A

Mitochondria and chloroplasts also found in prokaryote cells

22
Q

How would you describe the packaging in linear chromosomes

A

Tightly coiled and packed

23
Q

Name the protein used for packaging in linear chromosomes

A

Histones

Biology Unit 1 (7 decks)

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