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NHIE > Structure Components > Flashcards

Structure Components Flashcards

1
Q

Should a home inspector evaluate the adequacy of the structural components in the house?

A

No

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2
Q

What is the ratio of the total height of a roof to the total horizontal distance that the roof covers?

A

Pitch

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3
Q

What is the number of inches that a roof increases in height, rise, for every 12 inches of horizontal distance, run.

A

Slope

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4
Q

What is a condition that occurs when intersecting walls form a 90° angle.

A

Square or squared

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5
Q

The ability of a foundation to bear the live load and the dead load depends on the material on which the foundation sits.

In addition, materials differ in their ability to drain water and their tendency to expand or contract based on moisture content.

A

Review

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6
Q

Soil’s such as _____and _____ are good soil’s because they have good load bearing capacity, and allow water to drain quickly and do not change volume with changes in moisture..

A

Gravel and sand

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7
Q

Soil’s such as _____ and _____ are problematic soil’s

A

Organic clays and silt

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8
Q

Home inspector should be able to recognize when a ______ problem might be the result of a soil problem, and to recommend the appropriate expert to conduct further evaluation.

A

Foundation

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9
Q

The bottom footing should be at least _____ inches below understood ground and below the _____.

A

12 inches

local frost line

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10
Q

One piece steel screw jack columns are usually acceptable as permanent columns if they are _____.

A

Properly secured at the bottom.

The screw not to extend more than 3 inches

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11
Q

There is no agreed-upon standard for what constitutes a reportable crack in a footing.

A common guideline is that cracks exceeding _____ in width or _____ in vertical displacement should be considered for evaluation and repair.

A

¼”

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12
Q

There is no agreed-upon standard for what constitutes reportable rotation or bowing of a column or pier

A common guideline is the rotation exceeding _____ in _____ should be considered for evaluation and action.

A

¾ inches in 8 feet

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13
Q

Gravel and _____ may be installed under the basement floor

A

Vapor retarder

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14
Q

_____ is intended to stop the flow of liquid water under hydrostatic pressure.

A

Waterproofing

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15
Q

_____ is intended to stop the flow of water vapor in small amounts of liquid water not under hydrostatic pressure.

A

Damp proofing

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16
Q

Spalling could be structural if large amount of material are unsound.

What are possible causes

A

Water in wall from grading and gutter problems

poor quality or old foundation materials

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17
Q

Typical repairs of structural defects.

_____ are usually one or more rods or cables installed through a hole in a bowing or leaning wall in attempt to prevent further movement.

A

Tie back anchors

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18
Q

Tie back anchors are an attempt to prevent _____ and to ______ current position of the wall.

A

Further movement and to change

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19
Q

______ is evidence of a tie back anchor.

A

Plates attached to the interior wall

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20
Q

Helical anchor placed in an excavation in the yard is necessary for plate anchors.

A

No

How’s, they are necessary for tie back anchors

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21
Q

Crawlspace access opening requirements are _____ through the floor and _____ through a side wall.

A

18 x 24”

16 x 24”

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22
Q

Crawlspace access opening requirements are _____ if equipment requiring service and replacement is in the crawlspace.

A

22 x 30” like the attic

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23
Q

_____ appears as many small surface cracks that may look like irregular honeycomb

A

Crazing

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24
Q

_____ is when the finished surface of the concrete separates over several square inches or more

A

Spalling

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25
Q

The first floor system in _____ bears on the foundation. Subsequent floor systems for subsequent stories bear on top of the lower story walls

A

Platform Framing

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26
Q

The less common residential framing system is _____. The studs walls are erected first and bear on the foundation wall. The stud wall extends from the foundation to the ceiling joist.

A

Balloon framing

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27
Q

_____ and _____ are two most common products to use for floor sheathing in housing. You can also be used for roof and walls.

A

Plywood and OSB

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28
Q

Common species used for framing lumber available in the worst is?

A

Douglasfir

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29
Q

What is the maximum floor joist deflection?

A

D equals L divided by 360

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30
Q

A floor joist or beam should have at least _____ bearing on wood and at least _____ bearing on concrete or masonry

A

1 ½”

3”

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31
Q

The sill plate should be secured to the foundation. Bolts at least _____ in diameter or straps designed for the purpose should be spaced at least _____.

A

½”

6 feet

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32
Q

Sill plates. A bolt or strap should be located not more than ____ from the edge of each plate section and half inch bolts should not be closer than ____ to a plate joint

A

1 foot

3 ½”

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33
Q

Sill plate bolts should be installed in the _____ of the plate. They should also be at least _____ long.

A

Middle third

7”

34
Q

Floor joist should be restrained against twisting by being attached to a full depth rim joist were the joist bear on the foundation. What is this lateral restraint called?

A

Blocking

35
Q

Two types of lateral restraint or blocking is….

A

Joist hanger or band joist at joist ends.

Page 201

36
Q

Cantilever supporting wall and roof. At least _____ back-span to _____ cantilever span.

A

3 feet to 1 feet

37
Q

Openings in a floor system, for example stairways and chimneys, require _____ trimmer joists and header joists.

Only a single header is required if ______ wide.

A

Two

4’ or less

38
Q

Plywood and OSB flooring should be installed with the long dimension _____ to the floor joist and extending across at least _____ joist.

A

Perpendicular

Three

Panels must be at least 24 inches wide

39
Q

Floor joist notching. Notches may not be located _____ of the member span.

A

In the middle ⅓

40
Q

Floor joist notching. Notch depth may not exceed _____ actual member depth except at the ends where the notch may not exceed ______.

A

1/6 D

¼ D

41
Q

Floor joist notching. Notch length may not be longer than _____ of the actual member depth.

A

⅓ D

42
Q

Floor joist boring. hole diameter may not exceed ______ actual member depth and may not be located within ______ from the edge of the member or another hole or notch.

A

⅓ D

2”

43
Q

Joists and beams should have at least ______ wood bearing on wood and at least ______ wood bearing on masonry and concrete.

A

1 ½”

3”

44
Q

Wood I-joist: no holes are allowed within _____ of the supports.

A

6”

45
Q

Wood I-joist: the minimum distance between holes is usually _____ opening dimension.

A

Two times largest

46
Q

Floor trusses: top and bottom horizontal members are called _____ and the members in the center are called ______.

A

Chords

Webs

47
Q

_____ is intended to slow the horizontal spread of fire in houses.

A

Draftstopping

48
Q

Draft stopping is usually required when there is usable space above and below an open area between stories that is more than _____.

A

1,000 sq ft

49
Q

Common construction methods that require a draft stopping are floor trusses. Typical draft stopping membranes include _____ and _____.

A

½” thick drywall and

3/8” inch thick plywood or OSB

50
Q

The purpose of _____ is to slow the spread of fire in concealed vertical spaces between stories.

A

Fire blocking.

Not to be confused with draft stopping

51
Q

Horizontal fire blocking should be installed when the concealed horizontal space exceeds _____.

A

10 feet

52
Q

Doors between the garage and the house should be at least 1-3/8” thick solid wood or should be fire rated _____.

A

20 minutes

53
Q

Buildings closer than _____ to the lot line should have a one hour rated firewall on the side near the lot line.

A

5 feet

54
Q

Buildings closer than _____ to the lot line should have no windows or doors on the side near the lot line.

A

3 feet

55
Q

Evaluating the _____ a visible wall bracing is _____ for home inspection.

A

Adequacy

Out of scope

56
Q

Identifying the _____ of visible walls bracing in exposed walls is _____ of a home inspection

A

Presents

Within the scope

57
Q

Notches in studs in loadbearing walls may not exceed _____ of the actual stud depth.

A

25%

58
Q

Notches in studs in non-load-bearing walls may not exceed ____ of the actual study depth

A

40%

59
Q

Holes in studs in the loadbearing walls may not exceed _____ of the actual stud depth.

A

40%

60
Q

Holes in studs in non-loadbearing walls may not exceed _____ of the actual study depth

A

60%

61
Q

Holes in studs need to be at least _____ from stud edge

A

5/8”

62
Q

The_____ roof is a triangle shaped with the rafters forming the legs, and the ceiling joist forming the base. The____ roof is one containing four roof sections to meet at the top Ridge.

A

gable

hip

63
Q

The low slope, flat, roof is horizontal and usually rectangular roof. Any roof with a slope less than _____ is usually considered a low slope roof.

A

3/12

64
Q

Other less common roof styles include the_____ roof and the_____ roof.

A

Gambrel (barn style)

mansard

65
Q

Know valley, hip and jack rafters

A

P 241

66
Q

When ceiling joists are installed perpendicular to the rafters, _____ should be installed between the rafters.

A

Rafter ties

67
Q

______may be installed instead of rafter ties.

A

Kickers

68
Q

Rafter ties should be installed using the same method as ceiling joist.

T or F

A

True

69
Q

If ridge board not installed, _____ or _____ should be no more than _____ on center.

A

Collar tie

Ridge strap

4 feet on center

70
Q

At least _____ of the rafter should be intact above the birds mouth cut.

Cantilever length max. ______.

A

3 ½”

2 feet

71
Q

A ______ maybe used to support rafters that span too great a distance horizontally.

A

Purloin

72
Q

The purlin brace, also called a strut, should be at least ______ and should be installed at a angle that is at least _____ to horizontal.

A

2x4
45 degrees

Install at most 4 feet on center

73
Q

The span rating for plywood and OSB is stamped on each sheet as two number separated by a slash.

What did the two numbers mean?

A

First number is the maximum span between rafters when edge support is provided.

The second number is the maximum span between floor of joist.

Ed support for Ruth cheating is usually provided by metal clips often called H clips

74
Q

Truss chord not Straight. Trust chord should be installed within ______ of being straight or within _____ of straight, which ever is smaller.

This is also the same for bowed truss

A

L/200

L is length of chord

75
Q

Truss not plumb. Trusses should be installed within ______ of plumb or within _____ of plumb, which ever is smaller.

A

D/50

2”

76
Q

Access should be provided to all attic spaces in which the attic floor area exceeds ______ and the vertical height at some point in the attic is ______ or more.

A

30 ft.²

30 inches

77
Q

Attic access should be at least _______

A

22 x 30”.

78
Q

The passage should be at least _____ wide, _______ high, and not more than ____ from the excess opening.

A

24 inches

30 inches

20 feet

79
Q

A level service space at least_______ should be provided in front of all parts of the appliance that could require service.

A

30 inches wide and 30 inches deep

80
Q

Plate anchors change current position of the wall being anchored.

T or F

A

False

NHIE (11 decks)

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