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Additional Chemistry > Structure and Properties > Flashcards

Structure and Properties Flashcards

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0
Q

What hold te ions together in giant structures of ionic compounds

A

Strong electrostatic forces

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1
Q

Ionic Compounds have what structure

A

Giant structures

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2
Q

Ionic compounds properties

A

High melting points and high boiling points as a lot of energy is needed to overcome the ionic bonds

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3
Q

Why do ionic solids have high melting points

A

As it takes a lot of energy to overcome ionic bonds

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4
Q

Why can ionic substances conduct electricity when molten or when dissolved in water

A

As ions in structure become free to move so they conduct electricity

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5
Q

What are in molecules

A

Atoms

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6
Q

What are the atoms in a molecule held together by

A

Strong covalent bonds

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7
Q

Why do simple molecules have little attraction for each other

A

As the bonds are only between the atoms within the molecule as they share(caring covalent)

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8
Q

Simple molecule properties

A

Low melting point low boiling point

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9
Q

Why do simple molecules not conduct electricity

A

No overall charge so can’t carry electrical charge

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10
Q

Intermolecular forces

A

Forces of attraction between molecules

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11
Q

Why are substances with large molecules more likely to be liquids or solids at room temp

A

Strong intermolecular forces stronger attractions

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12
Q

Why do substances with giant covalent structures have very high melting points

A

As takes a lot of energy to break down the lattice (structure)

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13
Q

Two similarities and two differences between diamond and graphite

A

Similarities- both a from of carbon both covalently bonded

Differences- diamond seethe ouch graphite grey diamond hard graphite slippery

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14
Q

Fullerenes

A

Large molecules formed from hexagonal rings of carbon atoms

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15
Q

Diamond and graphite both have high…

A

Melting points because they are both giant covalent structures

16
Q

Metal atoms are arranged In

A

Layers

17
Q

Why can metals be made into wires

A

As when force is applies to atoms the layers can slide over each other making the mental bend or stretch without breaking so useful to make wires

18
Q

Alloys

A

Mixture of metals or metals mixed with other elements

19
Q

Why are alloys harder then pure metals

A

Different sized atoms in the mixture distort the layers in mental structure making it difficult to slide over each other

20
Q

Shape memory alloys

A

Alloys that can be bent or deformed into a different shape

21
Q

Two reasons why alloys can be more useful then pure metals

A

They are harder and shape memory alloys can be deformed but turn back into original shape when heated

22
Q

Metal structures have what electrons

A

Delocalised electrons

23
Q

Why are metals good conductors of heat and electricity

A

Delocalised electrons move throughout the giant metallic lattice and can transfer energy quickly

24
Q

What do properties of polymers depend on

A

Monomers used to make them, changing reaction conditions

25
Q

Thermosoftening polymers

A

Soften or melt easily when heated

26
Q

Example of thermosoftening polymer

A

Poly(ethene)

27
Q

What are thermosoftening polymers made of

A

Individual polymer chains that are tangled together

28
Q

Thermosetting polymers

A

Do not soften or melt when heated

29
Q

What are thermosetting polymers made of

A

Strong covalent bonds form cross links between their polymer chains

30
Q

What is the main difference in the structures if thermosetting and thermosoftening polymers

A

Setting have strong covalent bonds

Softening have individual polymer chains tangle together

31
Q

What allows thermosoftening polymers to be remoulded

A

When polymer cools down the intermolecular forces bring the polymer molecules back together do the polymer hardens again

32
Q

Nanoscience

A

Study of small particles that are between 1 and 100 nanometers in size

33
Q

What is a nano particle

A

Very small particles containing a few hundred atoms and arranged in a particular way

34
Q

Nano particles behave..

A

Differently from the materials they are made from

35
Q

What can nano particles be used for

A

Catalysts, new cosmetics, new coatings, to give construction materials special properties

Additional Chemistry (4 decks)

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