Structure and Functions in Living Organisms - Respiration

Question 1

what does the process of respiration produce?

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

what does ATP do?

Answer 2

provide energy for cells

Question 3

what is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

Question 4

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water to release energy
occurs in the mitochondria of the cell

Question 5

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 5

humans: glucose → lactic acid
yeast and plants: glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 6

what is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 6

the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen to produce lactic acid
occurs during exercise and causes cramps in humans (due to the build-up of lactic acid)

Question 7

how would you investigate the evolution of carbon dioxide from respiring seeds?

Answer 7

• one end of a capillary tube is attached to a flask of sodium hydroxide to allow the inflow of air (inlet pipe)
• this flask is connected by a capillary tube to a flask of hydrogen carbonate (indicator A)
• this flask is connected by a capillary tube to a flask of germinating seeds
• this flask is connected by a capillary tube to a flask of Hydrogen Carbonate (indicator B)
• lastly, one end of a capillary tube is attached to this flask to allow the outflow of air (outlet pipe)

Question 8

how would you investigate the evolution of heat from respiring seeds?

Answer 8

• two thermo flasks are set up - one with germinating seeds and another with boiled seeds
• a thermometer wrapped in cotton wool is added into each thermo flask to prevent the loss of heat
• a thermometer is used to measure and record the initial temperature in both thermo flasks
• after a fixed number of days, the thermometer is used to measure and record the final temperature in both thermo flasks