structure and function of the blood

Question 1

what are red blood cells also known as

Answer 1

erthrocytes

Question 2

characteristics of red blood cells

Answer 2

biconcave dics
have no nucleus
have no DNA, RNA, or mitochondria
however they are metabolically active - use glycolysis

Question 3

charecterics of leukocytes

Answer 3

white blood cells

Question 4

what are the two most common types of leukocytes

Answer 4

neutrophiles

lymphocytes

Question 5

what family of cells are neutrophils

Answer 5

polymorphonucleur (have an irregular multi lobed nucleus)

they are also granulocyte - have prominent cytoplasmic granules

Question 6

what do neutrophils stain as

Answer 6

neutral

Question 7

what do eosinphils stain as

Answer 7

granules stain red with eosin

Question 8

what do basophils stain as

Answer 8

stain blue with basic dyes

Question 9

what are two types of mononuclear cells

Answer 9

monocytes (largest have kidney shaped nuclei)

lymphocytes (has little cytoplasm)

Question 10

platelets =

Answer 10

thrombocytes

Question 11

what are characteristics of platelets

Answer 11

no nucleus
cytoplasmic fragments
contains granules
membrane bound

Question 12

what does bone marrow contain

Answer 12

immature cells

Question 13

what does plasma fluid contain

Answer 13

water 
salts 
proteins 
organic molecules 
ions - Na+ (main), Ca+, K+, Mg+ and H+. Cl- bicarbonates and phosphates.

Question 14

what is serum

Answer 14

the fluid left after clotting

Question 15

what is most Co2 carried as in the plasma

Answer 15

bicarbonate

Question 16

what enzyme helps Co2 to dissolve

Answer 16

carbonic anhydrase

Question 17

what are the 4 polypeptide chains of haemoglobin

Answer 17

2 alpha globin chains and 2 beta globin chains

Question 18

what does each globin chain have

Answer 18

a heam molecule

Question 19

what does a heam group hold

Answer 19

a ferrous ion

Question 20

with what bond does oxygen bind to this iron

Answer 20

co- coordination bond

Question 21

what do plasma proteins carry

Answer 21

substances that are poorly solute in water e.g. lipids and metal ions such as Cu+, Ca+ and Fe+

Question 22

what does albumin carry

Answer 22

its a general purpose carrier

Question 23

what are eosinophils involved in

Answer 23

kill parasites

involved in allergic responses

Question 24

what are basophils involved in

Answer 24

kill parasites
involved in allergic response
involved in inflammation

Question 25

where are immunoglobulins made in

Answer 25

B lymphocytes

Question 26

what is the total blood volume in a male

Answer 26

5Kg

Question 27

what does haematocrit (Ht)

Answer 27

packed cell volume

Question 28

what does the liver function test give

Answer 28

albumin concentration