Structure and Function Of Living Organisms (nutrition)

Question 1

Define nutrition

Answer 1

Taking in food and drink

Question 2

What 3 factors depend on how much energy we need

Answer 2

1. Age - growth needs more energy
2. Activity
3. Pregnancy

Question 3

What are the problems with eating too much food and having too much energy

Answer 3

The problems are that if the energy is not burnt off then the energy turns into fats and the fats add on mass to your body

The long term effects could be diseases like diabetes.

Question 4

What would happen if you had too little energy

Answer 4

You would loose weight and also would have a weak immune system

Question 5

What percentage of children aged 2-15 are over weight

Answer 5

28%

Question 6

Out of 100 4-5 year olds how many are 
Under weight
Healthy weight
Overweight 
Obese

Answer 6

1 under weight
77 healthy weight
13 overweight
9 obese

Question 7

Out of 100 10-11year olds how many are 
Under weight
Healthy weight
Overweight 
Obese

Answer 7

1 under weight
65 healthy weight
14 overweight
20 obese

Question 8

What is the function of the mouth

Answer 8

Digestion of starch and mechanically digestion by teeth

Question 9

What is the function of the oesophagus

Answer 9

To love food down to the stomach

Question 10

What is the function of the stomach

Answer 10

Digestion of protein

Question 11

What is the function of the small intestine

Answer 11

Digestion of protein,fat and starch absorption into the bloodstream

Question 12

What is the function of the large intestine

Answer 12

Absorption of water

Question 13

What is the function of the liver

Answer 13

To produce bile

Question 14

What is the function of the pancreas

Answer 14

Produce digestive enzymes

Question 15

What is the function of the gall bladder

Answer 15

To store bile

Question 16

What is digestion

Answer 16

The process of food being broken down from large food molecules into small soluble food molecules

Question 17

What is the substrate of amylase

Answer 17

Starch

Question 18

What is the product of amylase

Answer 18

Starch

Question 19

Where is amylase made

Answer 19

Mouth (salivary glands)

Pancreas

Question 20

Where does amylase work

Answer 20

It works in the mouth, duodenum and small intestine

Question 21

What is the substrate of maltase

Answer 21

Maltose

Question 22

What is the substrate of protease

Answer 22

Protein

Question 23

What is the substrate of lipase

Answer 23

Lipids

Question 24

What is the product of maltase

Answer 24

Glucose

Question 25

What is the product of protease

Answer 25

Amino acids

Question 26

What is the product of lipase

Answer 26

Fatty acids and glyceryl

Question 27

Where is the enzyme Maltese made

Answer 27

Pancreas

Question 28

Where is the enzyme protease made

Answer 28

Stomach and pancreas

Question 29

Where is the enzyme Lipase made

Answer 29

Pancreas

Question 30

Where does Maltese work

Answer 30

Small intestine and duodenum

Question 31

Where does protease work

Answer 31

Small intestine, stomach and duodenum

Question 32

Where does Lipase work

Answer 32

Small intestine and duodenum

Question 33

What are the two functions of bile

Answer 33

1. Neutralising the stuff in the stomach

2. Breaks down the large molecules into small molecules

Question 34

Which molecules diffuse into the blood

Answer 34

Glucose, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids

Question 35

Name 3 ways the small intestine has adapted to diffuse quicker

Answer 35

1. Bigger surface area
2. Wall only one cell thick
3. good blood supply so small molecules can be taken away quickly so a steep concentration gradient is maintained

Question 36

What are microvilli

Answer 36

They are projections on the individual cell lining the villus they increase surface area even more

Question 37

What is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 37

Water+co2+energy goes to O2 + C6H12O6

Question 38

What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 38

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 GOES TO 6CO2 + 6H2O