Structure And Development Of The Mammary Gland

Question 0

Breast changes during pregnancy

Answer 0

Increase in vascular it’s and melanin pigmentation
Hyper plastic proliferation of terminal ductile epithelium
Vacuoles in luminal epithelial cells
2nd and 3rd trimester-> increasing lipid rich proteinsceous secretions
Increase in support tissue

Question 1

Development of the breast

Answer 1

Fetus-> simple mammary ducktail system, minimal alveoli
Puberty-> oestrogen-> branching of ductal system-> spheroidal masses of cells at end of ducts
Increase in fibre cartilage and adipose
Pregnancy-> progesterone-> formation of alveoli in terminal duct uses
Lactating-> secretion of milk from alveoli
Resting-> regression of alveoli from ductal system

Question 2

Preparations for postnatal nutrition

Answer 2

Oestrogen, progesterone and placental prolactin-> increase size of breast and alveoli
Placental prolactin ineffective in stimulating milk production
After parturition-> decreased oestrogen and progesterone-> dominance of pituitary prolactin-> lactogenesis
Prolactin increased by suckling
Oxytocin (post pit.) -> contraction of myoepithelial cells-> expulsion of milk in to ducts-> build up of intra mammary pressure

Question 3

Breast milk

Answer 3

Colostrum-> creamy-> protein, fat soluble vitamins, minerals, immunoglobins 40ml/day first week
Transitional milk-> more calories-> lactose, water soluble vitamins, proteins,increased fat 2-3 weeks aft colostrum
Mature milk-> large amount of water, lactose, fat, amino acids,minerals, vitamins (A and D), more carbs less protein
Lactose contains galactose-> myelin formation

Question 4

Immunoglobins in breast milk

Answer 4

Secretory IgA-> antiviral, antibacterial, antigenic inhibiting properties
Immunoglobins lead to proinflammatory response in sterile gut which was reacting to first influx of breast milk