Structure And Bonding

Question 1

Which states of matter can be compressed?

Answer 1

Gases.

Question 2

What happens to a solid to become a liquid which then becomes a gas?

Answer 2

Solid MELTS to become liquid.

Liquid EVAPORATES to become gas.

Question 3

What happens to a gas to become a liquid which then becomes a solid?

Answer 3

Gas CONDENSES to become liquid.

Liquid FREEZES to become solid.

Question 4

What is the name of the process where a solid becomes a gas straight away?

Answer 4

Sublimation.

Question 5

What is the name of the process where a gas turns into a solid straight away?

Answer 5

Deposition or desublimation.

Question 6

What happens to energy in melting and boiling?

Answer 6

The energy is transferred from the surroundings to the substance.

Question 7

What happens to energy in freezing and condensing?

Answer 7

The energy is transferred from the substance to the surroundings.

Question 8

Define covalent bonding.

Answer 8

When atoms SHARE electrons in order to gain a full outer shell.

Question 9

Define ionic bonding.

Answer 9

Transferring electrons from one activity to another in order to gain a full outer shell.

Question 10

What are ions?

Answer 10

Charged particles.

Question 11

What are ionic compounds held together by?

Answer 11

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between their oppositely charged ions. This is called ionic bonding.

Question 12

What are the groups of the elements that are able to form ionic compounds?

Answer 12

Group 1 (1-)
Group 2 (2+)
Group 6 (2-)
Group 7 (1+)

Question 13

What does an ionic compound consist of?

Answer 13

Giant structure of ions arranged in a lattice.

Question 14

How are the ions in the lattice held together?

Answer 14

Attractive electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions which act in all directions.

Question 15

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

Answer 15

The lattice they form is made of many strong ionic bonds. It is very hard to break and would take a lot of energy.

Question 16

When will ionic compounds conduct electricity?

Answer 16

When molten or dissolved in water. This is because their ions can carry charge through the liquid.

Question 17

When are covalent bonds formed?

Answer 17

When atoms of non-metals share pair of electrons with each other.

Question 18

Substances made up of simple molecules have ____ melting and boiling points. Finish the sentence.

Answer 18

Low.

Question 19

Why do substances made up of simple molecules have low melting and boiling points?

Answer 19

The weak intermolecular force and light weight.

Question 20

Why can simple molecules not carry electrical charge?

Answer 20

Simple molecules have no overall charge. Therefore, substances made from simple molecules do no conduct electricity.