Structure and bonding Flashcards
What is an ion?
it is a particle that has either gained or lost electrons to become charged
Why do atoms gain or lose electrons?
They do this because they need to have a complete and stable outer shell.
Atoms with negative ions will end with….
three letters, ide.
What happens in electronic configuration
when an atom becomes an ion, the configuration takes form in a noble gas.
Ionic compounds
These compounds form due to opposing charges that make that ion.
This means ions are able to attract each other
What is an ionic bond?
the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What are the structures called in ionic compounds?
giant ionic lattice
When ionic compounds dissolve, what do they dissolve into?
polar solvents
What are the small charges called in polar solvents?
dipoles
Do covalent compounds have ions?
no
In a covalent compound, what is the electrostatic attraction shared between?
shared pair of electrons
What types of lattices do covalent compounds consist of?
giant covalent lattice and simple molecular lattice
What do giant covalent lattice contain only?
carbon atoms
What do simple covalent molecular lattice consist of?
strong covalent bonds
What else do simple covalent molecular lattices have?
They have low melting and boiling points.
Which giant covalent lattices conduct electricity
graphene and graphite
In metals, what do the ionic compounds consist of?
giant crystal lattice
Define metallic bond
the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and a “sea” of delocalised electrons.
What do metals have?
high melting and boiling points.
When metals mix together, what are they called?
alloy
brass is an alloy, what metals does brass contain?
copper and zinc
why do metals make good electrical conductors?
the electrons in them are delocalised.
