Structure And Bonding Flashcards
What does chemical bonding involve?
Chemical bonding involves either transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy shells of the atom in order to achieve the electronic structure of a noble gas
Who are ions formed?
When atoms form chemical bonds by transferring electronics
What happens if an atom loses electrons?
It becomes positively charged ion
What happens when an atoms gains electrons?
It becomes a negatively charged ion
The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, alkali metals, all react with non-metals to form….
Ionic compounds in which the the metal ion has a single positive charge
The elements in Group 7 of the periodic table, the nalogens, all react with the alkali metals to form…
Ionic compounds in which the halide ions have a single negative charge
What is an ionic compounds?
An ionic compound is a giant structure if ions. Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. These forces act in all directions in the lattice and this is called ionic bonding
How are covalent bonds formed?
When atoms share pairs of electrons.
These bids between atoms are strong. Some covalently bonded substances consist of simple molecules. Others have giant covalent structures (macromolecules)
Give some examples of simple molecules:
H2, Cl2, O2, HCl2, H2O, NH3, CH4
Give some examples of macromolecules:
Diamonds
Silicon dioxide
What do metals consist of?
They consist of a giant structures of forms arranged in a regular pattern
What are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level (outer shell) of metal atoms and what can they do?
They are delocalised and therefore are free to mover through the whole structure. This corresponds to a structure of positive ions with electrons between the ions holding them together by strong electrostatic attractions
What are compounds?
Compounds a substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined
