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As Chemistry > Structure And Bonding > Flashcards

Structure And Bonding Flashcards

1
Q

What is the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

A

High

Giant ionic lattice held together by strong electrostatic forces

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2
Q

Are ionic compounds soluble?

A

Tend to be
Water molecules are polar
Water molecules are attracted to charged ions

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3
Q

Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

A

When molten or dissolved

Ions carry a charge

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4
Q 
What is the formula of the following ions 
Nitrate 
Carbonate 
Sulfate 
Ammonium
A

NO3 -
CO3 -2
SO4 -2
NH4 +

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5
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

Strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

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6
Q

What is a dative covalent bond?

A

Both electrons come from one atom

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7
Q

What is bond enthalpy?

A

Measures energy required to break a covalent bond

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8
Q

Which electron pairs repeal the most?

A

Lone pair/ lone pair then lone pair/ binding pair then bonding pair

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9
Q

What shape has 2 electron pairs around the centre and what is the bond angle?

A

Linear molecule
180
CO2

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10
Q

What molecule has a bond angle of 120?

A

Triage all planer
3 pairs no lone
BF3

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11
Q

What are the different molecule shapes with 4 electron pairs?

A

Tetrahedral - no lone 109.5 CH4
Trigonal pyramidal - 1 lone 107 NH3
Nonlinear - 2 lone 104.5 H2O

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12
Q

What shape is a molecule with 6 electron pairs?

A

Octahedral - 90

SF6

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13
Q

What is electronegativity?

A

An atoms ability to attract the electron pair in a covalent bond

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14
Q

How can covalent bonds be polarised by differences in electronegativity?

A

Electrons are pulled towards the most electronegative atom making a polar bond
Cause a permanent dipole

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15
Q

When is a molecule polar?

A

If it’s not symmetrical - charges don’t cancel

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16
Q

Explain induced dipole dipole forces

A

Cause all atoms and molecules to attract each other
Temporary dipole when electrons on one side
Induce a dipole in neighbouring molecule

17
Q

Explain hydrogen bonding

A

Only happens when hydrogen is bonded to fluorine, nitrogen or oxygen
Between lone pair of electrons and another molecule

18
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

Electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charge ions

As Chemistry (6 decks)

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