Acids Flashcards
Give examples of bases
KOH - potassium hydroxide
NaOH- sodium hydroxide
NH3 - ammonia
What does the bronstead- Lowry theory say
Acids donate H+( proton doner)
Bases accept H+(proton acceptors)
A solution of a base has
A greater OH- than and acid solution
What are the four equations if producing salts?
Metal + acid - salt + hydrogen
Acid + base - salt + water
Acid + alkali - salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate - salt + carbon dioxide + water
What is a salt?
Compound produces when H+ is replaced by a metal or and ammonium ion (NH4+)
What is a cation?
A positive ion
What is an anion?
A negative ion
What is the method for finding the concentration in a titration?
Write a balanced equation
Calculate mol of acid
How many moles of alkali neutralised
Work out concentration
What is the equation for percentage error?
Quantity measure
X 100
What does hydrated mean?
A salt that contains water within its structure
What is meant by efflorescent?
Water can be lost to the atmosphere changing the molar mass
What does deliquescent mean ?
It can absorb water from the atmosphere
How can you use a standard solution with. Known concentration to make a further standard concentration by diluting with water?
- Divide the concentration of the solution you want by the one you have
- Multiply the volume of the new solution to give the volume of the concentrates solution to use
- Subtract this volume from the total volume you want giving the volume of water to use
What is a standard solution?
A solution with a precisely known concentration
Made by dissolving a known amount of solid in a known amount of distilled water to create a known concentration
What is a hazard of titrations?
Unknown concentration which could be corrosive
