Structural Ribs Flashcards
Which ribs are “true ribs”
1-7
Which ribs are “false ribs”?
8-10
Ribs 11 and 12 are _________ ribs.
Floating
True or false: The head of the rib is where the rib meets the sternum anteriorly
False. The head is posterior.
Which ribs are atypical? Why are they atypical?
1,2,10,11,12
Ribs 1, 10, 11, and 12 are unifaceted
Rib 2 articulates at the sterno manubrial joint
Ribs 11 and 12 lack an anterior articulation
True or false: in typical ribs, motion is dictated by posterior articulations.
True
Rib 7 articulates with the spine at the ____________ of T6 and the ____________ of T7
Inferior demifacet of T6
Superior demifacet of T7
Which rib is between T4 and T5?
Rib 5
Which ligament plays a big role in rib mobility when theres spinal mobility, especially during flexion?
Superior costal transverse ligament
True or false: the radiate ligament mobilizes the rib
False! It stabilizes the rib
Which motion of the spine impacts the ribs more; flexion or extension?
Flexion
What are the acccessory muscles of inspiration?
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Pec minor
What are the principle muscles of inspiration?
External intercostals
Diaphragm
What are the muscles associated with quiet breathing?
EXPIRATION RESULTS FROM PASSIVE, ELASTIC RECOIL OF THE LUNGS, RIB CAGE AND DIAPHRAGM
What are the muscles of active breathing?
Internal intercostals
Abdominals
Quadratus lumborum
What are the posterior muscles of respiration?
Quadratus lumborum Serratus posterior superior Levator costarum longus Levator costarum brevis Serratus posterior inferior
Which deep posterior muscles perform inhalation?
Serratus posterior superior
Levator costarum longus and brevis
Which deep posterior muscles perform exhalation?
Serratus posterior inferior
Quadratus lumborum
Which intermediate posterior muscle plays a principle role in respiration?
Iliocostalis because it is attached to the ribs
Which anterior muscles are primary movers of the ribs that aid us in diagnosis and treatment?
Pec major and minor
Deltoid
Serratus anterior
Which joint is also known as the Angle of Louis?
Sternomanubrial Joint
Sternal angle - rib 2
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the angle between the 12th rib and lumbar vertebae (location of Murphy’s punch sign for perinephritic abscess)
Costovertebral angle
Where does the superior border of the scapula correspond to?
T2
Where does the root of the scapular spine correspond to?
T3
Where does the inferior border of the scapula correspond to?
T7
Where are pump handle motions most prominent?
Upper costal segments
Where are bucket handle motions most prominent?
Mid/lower costal segments
Wait, but if it isn’t bucket handle or pump handle motion, what is happening at ribs 11 and 12?!
Caliper
Torsional motion (internal/external) occurs in all costal segments however is most dominant in the …
mid/lower ribs
Ribs follow a (convex/ concave) rule
Convex
When you go into thoracic flexion, you have an over all ________ torsion of the ribs.
Internal
Bony architecture plays a larger role in rib motions during (flexion/ extension)
Extension
The normal response of the ribs to thoracic extension is …
External torsion
When i rotate to the left, the rib on the right will go into _________ torsion and the rib on the left will go into _________ torsion.
Rotate left
Right rib- internal torsion
Left rib- external torsion
When I side bend to the right, my right rib goes into _______ torsion while my left rib goes into________.
Side bend right
Right rib- internal
Left rib- external
A dysfunctional key rib during inhalation is the (top/ bottom) rib, and during exhalation is the (top/ bottom) rib that is stuck in place.
Inhalation- top
Exhalation- bottom
As you progress down the spine, rib angles grow more …
Lateral
What is the mechanism or injury for superior first rib subluxation? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic lateral neck flexion • 5-6 mm higher • Marked tenderness • Diminished depression upon exhalation • Scalene hypertonicity
What is the mechanism or injury for anterior rib subluxation? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic force to posterior rib angle
- More prominent anteriorly
- Less prominent rib angle
- Tender iliocostalis muscle
- Limits inhalation/exhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for posterior rib subluxation? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic force to anterior extremity of the rib
- More prominent Rib Angle
- Less prominent anteriorly
- Tender iliocostalis muscle
- Limits inhalation/exhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for anterior-posterior rib compression? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic A-P compression of the costal cage
- Mid-axillary line prominence
- Diminished A/P prominence
- Tender iliocostalis muscle
- Limits inhalation/exhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for lateral rib compression? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic lateral compression of the costal cage
• Diminished mid-axillary line prominence • A/P prominence • Tender iliocostalis muscle • Limits inhalation/exhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for internal rib torsion? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Combined flexion/rotation injury (FRS)
- Inferior border more prominent posteriorly
- Superior border less prominent posteriorly
- Tender iliocostalis muscle
- Limits primarily inhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for external rib torsion? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Combined extension/rotation injury (ERS)
• Superior border more prominent posteriorly • Inferior border less prominent posteriorly • Tender iliocostalis muscle • Limits primarily exhalation
What is the mechanism or injury for a laterally flexed rib? What are its symptoms?
Mechanism of Injury: Traumatic lateral trunk flexion
- Mid-axillary prominence of rib shaft
- Intercostal space asymmetry above/below rib shaft
- Tender iliocostalis muscle
- Limits primarily exhalation
