Structural and Functional Orginization of the Lymphatic & Immune System

Question 1

what body system responsible for adaptive immunity

Answer 1

lymphatic system

Question 2

the lymphatic system consist of what

Answer 2

lymph

lymphatic vessels

structures and organs containing lymphatic tissue

red bone marrow

Question 3

most components of blood plasma filter out of what to form interstitial fluid

Answer 3

blood capillary connective tissue

Question 4

lymphatic tissue is a specialized of what type of connective tissue

Answer 4

reticular connective tissue that contains large number of lymphocytes

Question 5

After interstitial fluid passes into lymphatic vessels, it is called

Answer 5

Lymph

Question 6

Lymph and interstitial fluid are chemically similar to

Answer 6

blood plasma

Question 7

whats the difference between Lymph and interstitial fluid to blood plasma

Answer 7

interstitial fluid and lymph contain less

protein

Question 8

Each day, about how many liters of fluid filter from blood into tissue spaces

Answer 8

20

Question 9

About how many liters of the fluid filtered daily from the arterial end of blood
capillaries return to the blood directly by reabsorption at the venous
end of the capillaries.

Answer 9

17

Question 10

about how many liters per day pass first into lymphatic vessels and are
then returned to the blood.

Answer 10

3

Question 11

what are the Lymphatic System Three Primary Functions:

Answer 11

Drains excess interstitial fluid.

Transports Dietary Lipids

Carries out Immune Responses.

Question 12

what are the lipid soluble vitamins transported by the lymphatic system

Answer 12

A, D, E, and K

Question 13

True or False

Lymphatic capillaries are slightly larger than blood capillaries

Answer 13

True

Question 14

describe The endothelial cells that make up the wall of a lymphatic capillary

Answer 14

not attached end to end,

but rather, the ends overlap

Question 15

when do the lymph cells separate slightly, like a one-way swinging door, and allow interstitial fluid to
enters the lymphatic capillary.

Answer 15

When pressure is greater in interstitial fluid than in lymph

Question 16

what happens when pressure is greater inside the lymphatic capillary

Answer 16

the cells adhere

more closely and lymph cannot escape back into interstitial fluid

Question 17

Lymphatic vessels resemble veins in structure but have what

Answer 17

thinner walls and more valves.

Question 18

Located at intervals along lymphatic vessels are

Answer 18

lymph nodes

Question 19

lymph nodes are masses

Answer 19

masses of

B cells and T cells that are surrounded by a capsule.

Question 20

True or False

Lymph flows through lymph

Answer 20

True

Question 21

From the lymphatic vessels, lymph eventually passes into what two main
channels:

Answer 21

Thoracic duct

Right lymphatic duct

Question 22

what is the main lymph collecting duct

Answer 22

thoracic duct

Question 23

the thoracic duct receives lymph from where

Answer 23

left side of the head

neck

chest

left upper limb

entire body below the ribs

Question 24

The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from where

Answer 24

upper right side of the

body

Question 25

the thoracic duct empties its lymph into where

Answer 25

junction of the left | internal jugular and left subclavian veins

Question 26

the right lymphatic duct empties its lymph into where

Answer 26

the junction of the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins.

Question 27

what two pumps maintain the flow of lymph

Answer 27

Skeletal muscle pump. Respiratory pump.

Question 28

what type of pump is considered the “milking action”

Answer 28

Skeletal muscle pump.

Question 29

what are the Primary Lymphatic Organs

Answer 29

Red bone marrow Thymus

Question 30

what are the Secondary Lymphatic Organ

Answer 30

Lymphatic Nodules Lymph nodes The spleen

Question 31

what type of organs are the sites where stem cells divide and develop into mature B cells and T cells

Answer 31

Primary Lymphatic Organs

Question 32

what type of organs where most immune responses occur

Answer 32

Secondary Lymphatic Organs

Question 33

what type of bones give rise to mature B Cells and immature T Cells.

Answer 33

give rise to mature B Cells and immature T Cells.

Question 34

where do T cells migrate to mature

Answer 34

thymus

Question 35

describe the Thymus

Answer 35

two-lobed organ located posterior to the sternum.

Question 36

the thymus contains what

Answer 36

large numbers of T cells and macrophages

Question 37

Lymph nodes Heavily concentrated near what

Answer 37

mammary glands axillae groin.

Question 38

Lymph nodes contain what type of cells

Answer 38

B cells Plasma cells T cells dendritic cells macrophages.

Question 39

what is the largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body

Answer 39

spleen

Question 40

where is the spleen located

Answer 40

between the stomach and diaphragm

Question 41

the spleen contains what two type of tissue

Answer 41

white pulp red pulp

Question 42

describe Lymphatic Nodules

Answer 42

Egg-shaped masses

Question 43

Yes or No are Lymphatic Nodules surrounded by a capsule

Answer 43

No

Question 44

Lymphatic Nodules are plentiful where

Answer 44

connective tissue of mucous membranes lining gastrointestinal tract urinary tract reproductive tracts respiratory airways

Question 45

what type of immunity includes barriers provided by the skin and mucous membranes and various internal defenses

Answer 45

Innate Immunity

Question 46

inflammation and fever are what type of immunity

Answer 46

Innate immunity, 2nd Line of defense

Question 47

Adaptive Immunity Involves what type of cells

Answer 47

lymphocytes B Cells T Cells

Question 48

what are the two types of adaptive immunity

Answer 48

Cell-mediated immunity antibody-mediated immunity

Question 49

what type of immunity are we born with

Answer 49

Innate immunity

Question 50

Lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses produce proteins called

Answer 50

interferons

Question 51

When microbes penetrate the skin and mucous membranes or bypass the antimicrobial substances in blood, the next nonspecific defense consists of

Answer 51

phagocytes and natural killer cells.

Question 52

The four signs and symptoms of inflammation are

Answer 52

redness pain heat, swelling.

Question 53

why does Abnormally high body temperature occur

Answer 53

hypothalamic | thermostat is reset

Question 54

Normally, a person's adaptive immune system cells recognize and do not attack their own tissues and chemicals. Such lack of reaction against self- tissues is called

Answer 54

self- tolerance.

Question 55

Adaptive immunity involves what cells

Answer 55

B cell and T cells

Question 56

T cells mature where

Answer 56

thymus

Question 57

what are the two major types of mature T cells that exit the thymus

Answer 57

Helper T cells Cytotoxic T cells

Question 58

what are the two types of adaptive immunity

Answer 58

Cell-mediated immunity antibody mediated immunity.