structural and functional changes in mental illness

Question 1

PTSD

Answer 1

reduced frontal blood flow
increased amygdala blood flow
reduced hippocampus volume

Question 2

Bipolar depression

Answer 2

attenuated bilateral OFC activation
attenuated right DLPFC activation
increased left prefronal cortex activation

Question 3

depression

Answer 3

higher pulvinar nucleus activation
negative stimuli increase response in amygdala, insula
lower response in DLPFC and dorsal striatum

Question 4

anorexia

Answer 4

OFC and insula
Enlarged sulci, ventricles and interhemispheric fissure
reduced grey matter in limbic system, putamen
increased 5HT1a and decreased 5HT2a binding

Question 5

BPD

Answer 5

altered GABA, glutamate and serotonin transporting
limbic hyperreactivity
diminished frontal recruitment

Question 6

OCD

Answer 6

striatal dysfunction
OFC hyperactivity
anterior cingulate hyperactivity

Question 7

schizophrenia

Answer 7

ventricular enlargement
grey matter reduction
DLPFC hyper/hypoactivation

Question 8

Reduced concentration of phospholipids and NAA (N-Acetyl Aspartate) in frontal and temporal lobes

Answer 8

Schizophrenia

Question 9

Increased activity in the insula and amygdala

Answer 9

Anxiety

Question 10

Medial pre frontal cortex dysfunction

Answer 10

mood disorders

Question 11

increased brain volume

Answer 11

Autism

Question 12

Increases in 5HT1A receptor binding and reductions in 5HT2A receptor binding

Answer 12

eating disorder