Strong/Weak Acids and Bases

Question 1

Properties of Strong Acids?

Answer 1

Strong acids are strong proton donors and have a weak conjugate base. Their value of Ka is really large since almost all their molecules ionize completely. They also favour products more.

Question 2

Properties of Weak Acids?

Answer 2

Weak acids are weak proton donors and have a strong conjugate base. Their value of Ka is really small since very few molecules ionize. They favour reactants more.

Question 3

Properties of Strong Bases?

Answer 3

Strong bases are strong proton acceptors and they have a weak conjugate acid. Their value of Kb is really large since almost all their molecules ionize completely. They favour products more.

Question 4

Properties of Weak Bases?

Answer 4

Weak bases are weak proton acceptors and they have a strong conjugate acids Their Kb value is really small since few molecules are ionize. They favour reactants more.

Question 5

Memorize the list of Strong Acids

Answer 5

HCl (hydrochloric acid)
HNO3 (nitric acid)
H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
HBr (Hydrobromic acid)
HClO4 (perchloric acid)
HClO3 (chloric acid)

Question 6

Memorize the list of Weak Acids

Answer 6

CH3COOH (ethanoic acid)
H2CO3 (carbonic acid)
H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)

Question 7

Memorize list of Strong Bases?

Answer 7

LiOH (lithium hydroxide)
NaOH (sodium hydroxide)
KOH (potassium hydroxide)
Ba(OH)2 (barium hydroxide)

all hydroxides of group 1 and 2 elements are strong but group 2 aren’t soluble.

Question 8

Memorize list of Weak Bases

Answer 8

NH3 (ammonia)
C2H5NH2 (ethylamine)
—> any word that ends in aminie

Question 9

3 methods that distinguish strong and weak acids and bases

Answer 9

1. Electrical Conductivity: increases with higher concentration of mobile ions. So stronger acid/base = more ions = higher conductivity
2. Rate of Reaction: Reactions of Acids depend on [H+]. Stronger acid = greater [H+] = greater rate.
3. pH: pH scale is a direct measure of [H+]. Stronger acid = greater [H+] = lower pH value.