Strong Verbs

Question 1

How are Strong verbs form their preterite and past Participle?

Answer 1

By changing its vowel in the stem.

Question 2

When do the stems change usually?

Answer 2

1. The infintive ‘Ceosan’ (to choose)
2. The 3rd Singular preterite indicative ‘Ceas’ (he/she/it chose)
3. The preterite plural ‘curon’ (They chose)
4. The past participle ‘Coren’– chosen

Question 3

What is Verner’s law and how does it change the strong verb?

Answer 3

Voicless fricatives become voiced if the syllable before is unstressed
s-> r (rhotisism)
þ -> d (Voiced)

Question 4

Class one verb?

Writan

Answer 4

(i + consonant)
i = a = i

Question 5

Class two verbs

Beodan, brucan

Answer 5

(eo/u + consonant)
eo/u = ea = u = o

Question 6

Class three verbs

Helpan, Weorpan, Feohtan, Findan

Answer 6

(vowel+l/r/h/n+ consonant)
e/eo/ie = ae/ea = u =o

Question 7

Class four verbs

Beran, Stelan

Answer 7

(e+ l/r)
e = ae= ae=o

Question 8

Class five verbs

Sprecan

Answer 8

(e+ consonant (not l/r/m/n))
e = ae= ae= e

Question 9

Class six verbs

Wascan, Hliehhan

Answer 9

(a + consonant)
A = O= O =A

Question 10

Class Seven verbs

Hatan, Rædan

Answer 10

(long a / long o /ea/ long æ/ long e + consonant)
long eo/e = long eo/e = long a / long o /ea/ long æ/ long e