Strong And Weak Acids Flashcards
What happens to acid particles when dissolved?
When acid particles are dissolved in water they can DISSOCIATE to form IONS= ionisation
What makes a solution acidic?
The release of the H+ ion during dissociation
What makes certain acids stronger than others?
Some acids DISSOCIATE better making them strong acids than others
What is an example of a strong acid?
Hydrochloric Acid
Describe the acid particles in a strong acid (2 points)
- every acid particle is IONISED in water
- all particles dissociate to release H+ ions
Describe the concentration in a strong acid
High concentration of H+ ions
Describe the pH in a strong acid
Low pH
Describe the acid particles in WEAK ACIDS (2 points)
- only SOME of the acid particles are ionised
- only SOME of the acid particles dissociate to release H+ ions
What is the concentration of a weak acid? (Compare to strong acid)
Lower H+ ion concentration than a strong acid
What is the pH like in a weak acid? (Compare to a strong acid)
- Higher pH than a strong acid
Explain the difference between a strong and a weak acid in terms of ionisation (2 points)
- a strong acid is one that COMPLETELY DISSOCIATES/IONISES in solution releasing ALL the hydrogen ions
- a weak acid only PARTIALLY ionises, releases fewer hydrogen ions
What is acid concentration about?
The mass of acid particles dissolved in every 1000 cm cubed / 1 dm cubed of solvent
What will increasing the mass of acid particles in 1 dm cubed of solvent result in?
Increasing the mass of acid particles in 1 dm cubes of solvent Will result in a HIGHER concentration
Name the two strongest acids in the experiment and their pH (2 points)
- Hydrochloric acid (HCL) pH= 1
- Nitric acid pH= 1
What colour did HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND NITRIC ACID turn after adding Universums indicator?
Red= strong acids
What were the TWO weak acids in the experiment and their pH? (2 points)
- Ethanoic acid (pH= 5)
- Citric acid (pH= 5/6)
What colour did citric acid and Ethanoic acid turn after universal indicator was applied?
Orange
Which acids were the most concentrated?
Citric and nitric acid
Explain how an acid can be strong but dilute
- an acid can be dilute when there is very little compound dissolved per cm cubed but strong if that compound fully ionises
What does the pH scale mean?
pH numbers indicate how many hydrogen ions have dissociated from acid particles
How does the pH scale work?
The lower the pH the higher the H+ concentration in the acid
What happens to the concentration of H+ ions everytime the pH decreases by 1?
Every time the pH decreases by 1 = the concentration of H+ ions increases by a factor of 10
