Stroke: Neurological Impairments and functional limitations

Question 1

Hemiplegia

Answer 1

weakness on the side of the body opposite the lesion

Question 2

Hemiparesis

Answer 2

complete paralysis on the side of the body opposite the lesion

Question 3

Aphasia

Answer 3

Neurological language disorder

Question 4

Global aphasia

Answer 4

loss of all language ability

Question 5

Broca’s aphasia

Answer 5

(Expressive) broken speech; slow, labored speech with frequent mispronunciations

Question 6

Anomic aphasia:

Answer 6

difficulty finding words

Question 7

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 7

(receptive aphasia) impaired auditory reception; speech may be fluent but is often meaningless or nonsensical

Question 8

Dysarthria

Answer 8

articulation disorder resulting from paralysis of the organs of speech

Question 9

With CVA, partial neglect of the client’s own body, generally occurs on the ____ side of the stroke

Answer 9

contralateral

Question 10

Motor apraxia

Answer 10

difficulty completing planned movements

Question 11

Ideational apraxia

Answer 11

difficulty conceptualizing planned, multistep movements

Question 12

Visual agnosia

Answer 12

difficulty recognizing objects

Question 13

Upper-extremity impairment from stroke may result in (2 things)

Answer 13

Subluxation

Impaired muscle recruitment and contraction

Question 14

An inability to recruit and maintain muscular

strength on the affected side may lead to (4 things)

Answer 14

i. Edema
ii. Overstretching and damage of joint capsules and antagonist muscles that keep
joints in place
iii. Shortening of muscle
iv. Damage to joints and soft tissue because of lack of control and sensation

Question 15

Subluxation is caused by

Answer 15

the humeral head moving

downward from the joint because paralyzed muscles generally remain in place

Question 16

Visual impairments occur with stroke depending on the

Answer 16

site of the lesion

Question 17

Visual impairments occur with stroke such as (4 things)

Answer 17

visual dysfunction, including visual field deficits such as homonymous hemianopsia and
hemi-inattention or neglect

Question 18

Why is psychosocial adjustment an essential component of recovery following stroke?

Answer 18

The incidence of depression after stroke is reported at 35%, with the highest incidence occurring in acute and rehabilitation hospitals

Question 19

Other psychological symptoms include: 4 things

Answer 19

anxiety, mania, lability, and personality changes.

Question 20

Although many clients and their families hope for a full recovery, the occupational therapist should work closely with them to gradually increase

Answer 20

the awareness of the residual deficits that may remain.