Stroke - Hon Flashcards
2 types of stroke
Most are which?
Hemorrhagic, Ischemic
Ischemic
Hemorrhagic strokes
Intracerebral (cortical v. subcortical)
Subarachnoid
Ischemic stroke causes
Atherosclerotic thromboembolism Small vessel lacunar disease (HTN) Cardioembolism Vasculopathies Hypercoaguable states
Risk factors for stroke
Age, previous stroke/TIA, atherosclerosis, HTN, smoking, DM, hyperlipidemia, cardiac disorders, drug abuse, OCs, pregnancy, hypercoaguability, inflammatory disorders, migraine
Importance for treating women with classic migraines
DON’T put on BC - 2 risk factors = exponential increased risk for stroke
___ and ___ can cause ANYTHING in the nervous system
HIV, 3º syphilis
_____ account for 50% of deaths attributable to stroke
Medical complications (pneumonia, DVT, PE, UTI)
FIRST things to do to treat stroke
ABCs - airway, breathing, circulation
_____ is common in acute ischemic stroke
Treat it?
Acute HTN
NO, could cause even less blood flow to brain –> further the damage
2 considerations regarding IV fluids in stroke patients
- Do NOT include glucose
2. Need TWO IV access sites for tPA
Only give tPA IF….
1) You are SURE it is a stroke rather than a seizure, migraine, other
2) They meet the requirements
When must tPA be given?
Within 3 HOURS of stroke onset
Should you give warfarin (anticoag.) to stroke patient?
Controversial, but NO
Antiplatelet agents
ASA, Aggrenox, Plavix
When is anticoagulation indicated?
A-fib, PROSTHETIC VALVE, MI, septal defect, hypercoaguable state, large vessel disease
