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Neurology 2 > Robbins 27-29 - CNS Tumors + Eye > Flashcards

Robbins 27-29 - CNS Tumors + Eye Flashcards

1
Q

2 categories of astrocytomas

A
  1. Infiltrating

2. Pilocytic

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2
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 2/4

A

Diffuse infiltrating astrocytoma

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3
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 3/4

A

Anaplastic astrocytoma

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4
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 4/4

A

Glioblastoma

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5
Q

PTEN mutation

EGFR amplification

A

Classic primary glioblastoma

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6
Q

TP53 mutation

PDGFRA overexpression

A

Proneural secondary glioblastoma

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7
Q

NEFL, GABRA1, SYT1 expression

A

Neural glioblastoma

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8
Q

NF1 deletion

A

Mesenchymal glioblastoma

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9
Q

Child tumors

A
  1. Low grade astrocytoma (pilocytic) (1/4)
  2. Ependymoma
  3. Medulloblastoma
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10
Q

Adult tumors

A
  1. Glioblastoma
  2. Meningioma
  3. Low grade astrocytoma/glioma (2/4)
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11
Q

Young
Radiation, family history, NF, Li-Fraumeni
Seizure, headache, AMS
Posterior fossa, ocular or ataxia symptoms

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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12
Q

Older
Radiation, family history, NF, Li-Fraumeni
Seizure, headache, AMS
Progressive, necrosis, cross midline

A

Glioblastoma

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13
Q

Adult
Frontal lobe
Seizure, headache, increased ICP, ataxia
Halo (fried egg), spherical, calcification

A

Oligodendroglioma

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14
Q

Child
Fourth ventricle, hydrocephalus, papilledema
Headache, ataxia
Pseudovascular perirosettes

A

Ependymoma

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15
Q

Adult
Spinal cord
Cauda equina syndrome (bowel/bladder/sexual)
NF-2

A

Ependymoma

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16
Q

Adult female, NF-2

Seizure, headache, ACM

A

Meningioma

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17
Q 
Child
Cerebellum/posterior fossa, midline
Hydrocephalus, ataxia, visual symptoms
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Radiosensitive
A

Medulloblastoma

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18
Q

NF-2, hearing problems, vestibular problems

Brainstem

A

Schwannoma

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19
Q

Heterogeneous cell types
NF-1
Large peripheral nerve or nerve roots

A

Neurofibroma

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20
Q

NF-1
Large peripheral nerves (chest, abdomen, pelvis, neck, limbs)
Metastatic/progressive
Poorly differentiated, multiple cell types

A

MPNST

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21
Q

Cowden Syndrome

A

Gangliogliocytoma

PTEN mutation

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22
Q

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma

TP53 mutation

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23
Q

Turcot syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma, glioblastoma

APC mutation

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24
Q

Gorlin syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma

PTCH mutation

25
Q

Tuberous sclerosis complex

A

Hamartomas, sub-ependymal giant-cell astrocytomas

26
Q

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

A

Hemangioblastomas of CNS (cerebellum and retina)
Cysts of pancreas, liver, kidneys
Renal cell carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma

Dysregulation of EPO –> polycythemia

27
Q

Neurofibromatosis 1

A 
Neurofibromas of peripheral nerves
MPNSTs
Gliomas of optic nerve
Hamatromas
Pheochromocytomas
28
Q

Neurofibromatosis 2

A

Bilateral schwannomas of CN VIII
Meningiomas
Ependymomas (of spinal cord)

29
Q

Tinnitus, hearing loss
NF2 mutation
Well-circumscribed, encapsulated mass along nerve

A

Schwannoma

30
Q

Pedunculated nodules on skin

NF-1

A

Superficial cutaneous neurofibroma

31
Q

Plaque-like elevation of skin

NF-1

A

Diffuse neurofibroma

32
Q 
IDH1, IDH2 mutations
Calcification
Spherical nuclei
Clear halo of vacuolated cytoplasm
Network of anastamosing capillaries
A

Oligodendroglioma

33
Q 
Mixture of neuronal and glial cells
Seizures
Temporal lobe
Cystic component
Random orientation of neurites, binucleate forms
A

Ganglioglioma

34
Q

Superficial temporal lobe
Attenuation of overlying skull
Grade I/IV

A

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor

35
Q

Young child (

A

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor

36
Q 
Immunosuppressed
Elderly
Multiple foci within parenchyma (gray and white)
Spread via ventricles
Extensive necrosis
CD19/CD20 positive
A

Primary CNS lymphoma (B-cell)

37
Q

Japan, child male

A

Primary brain germ cell tumor

38
Q

CSF AFP and b-HCG

A

Germinoma (metastatic germ cell tumor)

39
Q

Metastatic carcinomas to CNS

Common metastatic site?

A

Lung, breast, melanoma, kidney, GI

Meninges

40
Q

PCA-1 antibody (Anti-Yo)

Cerebellar degeneration

A

Neoplastic ovarian, uterine, or breast carcinoma

41
Q

ANNA-1 antibody (Anti-Hu)

A

Neoplastic small cell lung carcinoma

42
Q

Inflammatory enlargement of lacrimal gland

A

Sarcoidosis

43
Q

Inferior, medial proptosis

A

Sarcoidosis (lacrimal gland)

Lymphoma, pleomorphic adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma (neoplasms)

44
Q

Axial proptosis

A

Glioma, meningioma (tumor of optic nerve)

45
Q

Predisposing factors to sinus infection spread to orbit

A

Immunosuppression

Diabetic ketoacidosis

46
Q

Periocular ecchymosis + orbital neoplasm

A

Metastatic neuroblastoma

Wilms tumor

47
Q

Eyelid neoplasm

A

Basal cell carcinoma

48
Q

Redness and itching of conjunctiva
Significan conjunctival scarring
Infection

A

Chlamydia trachomatis (trachoma)

49
Q

Submucosal elevation of conjunctiva in sun-exposed regions

A

Pinguecula or pterygium

50
Q

Saucer-like depression in corneal tissue (delle)

A

Pinguecula

51
Q

Fair-skinned person, middle age

Unilateral conjunctival neoplasm carcinoma in situ

A

Melanoma in situ

52
Q

Conjunctival differentiation into squamous epithelium and goblet cells

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

53
Q

Risk factors for cataracts

A

Galactosemia, DM, Wilson’s disease, atopic dermatitis

Corticosteroids, radiation, trauma

54
Q

Most common primary intraocular malignancy of adults

A

Uveal melanoma

55
Q

Thickening of BM of epithelium of pars plicata

56
Q

Cherry-red spot

A

Central retinal artery occlusion

57
Q

Most common primary intraocular malignancy of children

A

Retinoblastoma

58
Q

Unilateral papilledema

A

Primary neoplasm of optic nerve

59
Q

Bilateral papilledema

A

Increased CSF pressure

Neurology 2 (22 decks)

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