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Neurology 2 > Robbins 27-29 - CNS Tumors + Eye > Flashcards

Robbins 27-29 - CNS Tumors + Eye Flashcards

1
Q

2 categories of astrocytomas

A
  1. Infiltrating

2. Pilocytic

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2
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 2/4

A

Diffuse infiltrating astrocytoma

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3
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 3/4

A

Anaplastic astrocytoma

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4
Q

40-60
Mass lesion in CNS
Seizures, headaches, focal neurologic signs
Grade 4/4

A

Glioblastoma

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5
Q

PTEN mutation

EGFR amplification

A

Classic primary glioblastoma

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6
Q

TP53 mutation

PDGFRA overexpression

A

Proneural secondary glioblastoma

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7
Q

NEFL, GABRA1, SYT1 expression

A

Neural glioblastoma

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8
Q

NF1 deletion

A

Mesenchymal glioblastoma

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9
Q

Child tumors

A
  1. Low grade astrocytoma (pilocytic) (1/4)
  2. Ependymoma
  3. Medulloblastoma
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10
Q

Adult tumors

A
  1. Glioblastoma
  2. Meningioma
  3. Low grade astrocytoma/glioma (2/4)
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11
Q

Young
Radiation, family history, NF, Li-Fraumeni
Seizure, headache, AMS
Posterior fossa, ocular or ataxia symptoms

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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12
Q

Older
Radiation, family history, NF, Li-Fraumeni
Seizure, headache, AMS
Progressive, necrosis, cross midline

A

Glioblastoma

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13
Q

Adult
Frontal lobe
Seizure, headache, increased ICP, ataxia
Halo (fried egg), spherical, calcification

A

Oligodendroglioma

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14
Q

Child
Fourth ventricle, hydrocephalus, papilledema
Headache, ataxia
Pseudovascular perirosettes

A

Ependymoma

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15
Q

Adult
Spinal cord
Cauda equina syndrome (bowel/bladder/sexual)
NF-2

A

Ependymoma

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16
Q

Adult female, NF-2

Seizure, headache, ACM

A

Meningioma

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17
Q 
Child
Cerebellum/posterior fossa, midline
Hydrocephalus, ataxia, visual symptoms
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Radiosensitive
A

Medulloblastoma

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18
Q

NF-2, hearing problems, vestibular problems

Brainstem

A

Schwannoma

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19
Q

Heterogeneous cell types
NF-1
Large peripheral nerve or nerve roots

A

Neurofibroma

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20
Q

NF-1
Large peripheral nerves (chest, abdomen, pelvis, neck, limbs)
Metastatic/progressive
Poorly differentiated, multiple cell types

A

MPNST

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21
Q

Cowden Syndrome

A

Gangliogliocytoma

PTEN mutation

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22
Q

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma

TP53 mutation

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23
Q

Turcot syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma, glioblastoma

APC mutation

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24
Q

Gorlin syndrome

A

Medulloblastoma

PTCH mutation

25
Tuberous sclerosis complex
Hamartomas, sub-ependymal giant-cell astrocytomas
26
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Hemangioblastomas of CNS (cerebellum and retina) Cysts of pancreas, liver, kidneys Renal cell carcinoma Pheochromocytoma Dysregulation of EPO --> polycythemia
27
Neurofibromatosis 1
``` Neurofibromas of peripheral nerves MPNSTs Gliomas of optic nerve Hamatromas Pheochromocytomas ```
28
Neurofibromatosis 2
Bilateral schwannomas of CN VIII Meningiomas Ependymomas (of spinal cord)
29
Tinnitus, hearing loss NF2 mutation Well-circumscribed, encapsulated mass along nerve
Schwannoma
30
Pedunculated nodules on skin | NF-1
Superficial cutaneous neurofibroma
31
Plaque-like elevation of skin | NF-1
Diffuse neurofibroma
32
``` IDH1, IDH2 mutations Calcification Spherical nuclei Clear halo of vacuolated cytoplasm Network of anastamosing capillaries ```
Oligodendroglioma
33
``` Mixture of neuronal and glial cells Seizures Temporal lobe Cystic component Random orientation of neurites, binucleate forms ```
Ganglioglioma
34
Superficial temporal lobe Attenuation of overlying skull Grade I/IV
Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor
35
Young child (
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor
36
``` Immunosuppressed Elderly Multiple foci within parenchyma (gray and white) Spread via ventricles Extensive necrosis CD19/CD20 positive ```
Primary CNS lymphoma (B-cell)
37
Japan, child male
Primary brain germ cell tumor
38
CSF AFP and b-HCG
Germinoma (metastatic germ cell tumor)
39
Metastatic carcinomas to CNS Common metastatic site?
Lung, breast, melanoma, kidney, GI Meninges
40
PCA-1 antibody (Anti-Yo) | Cerebellar degeneration
Neoplastic ovarian, uterine, or breast carcinoma
41
ANNA-1 antibody (Anti-Hu)
Neoplastic small cell lung carcinoma
42
Inflammatory enlargement of lacrimal gland
Sarcoidosis
43
Inferior, medial proptosis
Sarcoidosis (lacrimal gland) | Lymphoma, pleomorphic adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma (neoplasms)
44
Axial proptosis
Glioma, meningioma (tumor of optic nerve)
45
Predisposing factors to sinus infection spread to orbit
Immunosuppression | Diabetic ketoacidosis
46
Periocular ecchymosis + orbital neoplasm
Metastatic neuroblastoma | Wilms tumor
47
Eyelid neoplasm
Basal cell carcinoma
48
Redness and itching of conjunctiva Significan conjunctival scarring Infection
Chlamydia trachomatis (trachoma)
49
Submucosal elevation of conjunctiva in sun-exposed regions
Pinguecula or pterygium
50
Saucer-like depression in corneal tissue (delle)
Pinguecula
51
Fair-skinned person, middle age | Unilateral conjunctival neoplasm carcinoma in situ
Melanoma in situ
52
Conjunctival differentiation into squamous epithelium and goblet cells
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
53
Risk factors for cataracts
Galactosemia, DM, Wilson's disease, atopic dermatitis | Corticosteroids, radiation, trauma
54
Most common primary intraocular malignancy of adults
Uveal melanoma
55
Thickening of BM of epithelium of pars plicata
DM marker
56
Cherry-red spot
Central retinal artery occlusion
57
Most common primary intraocular malignancy of children
Retinoblastoma
58
Unilateral papilledema
Primary neoplasm of optic nerve
59
Bilateral papilledema
Increased CSF pressure

Neurology 2 (22 decks)

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