Stroke

Question 1

what are the 2 types of stroke

Answer 1

ischaemic and haemorrhagic

Question 2

where does clots causing strokes originate from

Answer 2

heart due to AF, mitral valve disease, endocarditis

bifurcation of the carotid arteries

Question 3

how will patients present with a stroke affecting the posterior cerebral artery

Answer 3

contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Question 4

which lobes are affected in a posterior cerebral artery stroke

Answer 4

occipital and inferior temporal

Question 5

how will patients present with a stroke affecting the cerebellar arteries

Answer 5

DANISH affects and brainstem damage

Question 6

what is seen in brainstem damage

Answer 6

ipsilateral occulomotor damage and contralateral motor function damage

Question 7

what does a distal occlusion of the basilar artery cause

Answer 7

occipital lobe, thalamic and midbrain infarct

Question 8

what does proximal occlusion of the basilar artery cause

Answer 8

locked in syndrome

Question 9

what does the middle cerebral artery supply

Answer 9

lateral parietal and frontal lobes and well and internal capsule and basal ganglia and macular cortex

Question 10

how will a patient present with a stroke affecting the distal middle cerebral artery

Answer 10

lateral homunculus affected therefore loss of sensory and motor to contralateral arm and face

Question 11

how will a patient present with a stroke affecting the proximal middle cerebral artery

Answer 11

contralateral loss of sensory to the arm and face

loss of motor to the whole contralateral side of the body

Question 12

why do proximal middle cerebral artery occlusions also affect the leg

Answer 12

as the lenticulostriate arteries are now affected which supply the internal capsule where all the motor fibres run down

Question 13

what will be the effect if the dominant hemisphere is affected in a MCA stroke

Answer 13

speech problems if Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are affected

Question 14

what will be the effect if the non-dominant hemisphere is affected in a MCA stroke

Answer 14

neglect, tactile extinction, visual extinction

Question 15

where does the anterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 15

medial parietal and frontal lobes

Question 16

what does occlusion of the ACA cause

Answer 16

contralateral loss of motor and sensory to the leg and genitals

Question 17

when might the paracentral lobules be affected and what would this cause

Answer 17

ACA occlusion

incontinence

Question 18

when might the corpus callosum be affected by a stroke

Answer 18

ACA occlusion

Question 19

what does the lenticulostirate arteries supply

Answer 19

internal capsule

Question 20

what does occlusion to the lenticulostriate arteries result in

Answer 20

contralateral loss of motor function only

Question 21

what does the thalamoperforator artery supply

Answer 21

thalamus

Question 22

what does occlusion to the thalamoperforator artery cause

Answer 22

contralateral sensory loss only