Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

pharm 2 - final review > strictly MOAs > Flashcards

strictly MOAs Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonamides, diaminopyrimidies (antimicrobials) MOA

A

inhibit folic acid synthesis (PABA metabolites)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Beta Lactam (Penicillins, cephalosporins, beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems, monobactams) MOA

A

cell wall inhibitors (-cidial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aminoglycosides MOA

A

inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tetracyclines MOA

A

inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chloramphenicols MOA

A

inhibit 50S ribosomoal subunit protein *inhibits peptidyl transferase enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Macrolides MOA

A

inhibit 50S ribosomoal subunit protein *inhibits translocation process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lincomycin MOA

A

inhibit 50S ribosomoal subunit protein *inhibits translocation process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fluroquinolones MOA

A

inhibit DNA synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Metronidazole MOA

A

inhibit DNA synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rifampin MOA

A

inhibit RNA synthesis (RNA polymerase enzyme)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Methenamine

A

urinary antiseptic, requires acidic pH *NOT w sulfa drugs (increase crystalluria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Polymyxin MOA

A

cell membrane – narrow spec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cardiac glycosides (digitalis, digoxin) MOA

A

Na/K/ATP pump inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors MOA (Inamrinone, Milrinone, Pimobendan; Aminophylline)

A

Inodilators – produce positive inotropic action, peripheral vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Beta 1 selective adrenergic agonist (Dobutamine) MOA

A

agonist of beta 1 receptors in heart, ↑ contraction of myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sodium nitroprusside MOA

A

release NO, increase NO mediated vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hydralazine and Minoxidil MOA

A

influences K ion influx → arterial vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Prazosin MOA

A

alpha 1 antagonist (inhibits vasoconstriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nitroglycerin MOA

A

release NO, increase NO mediated vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Isoxsuprine MOA

A

beta 2 antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ca channel blockers – amlodipine

A

Inhibits Ca channels – causes decrease in smooth muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Phosphodiesterase V inhibitors - sildenafil (pulmonary hypertension)

A

Inhibit phosphodiesterase V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Furosemide

A

loop diuretic = redistribution of blood, primary effect IV is increase circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ACE INHIBITORS [Captopril; Prodrugs (Enalapril, Benazepril)]

A

?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Class I Anti-arrhythmics– membrane stabilizers, local anx agents (Phenytoin, Quinidine, Lidocaine, Procainamide) MOA
reduce Na influx (phase 0 depolarization)
26
Class II Anti-Arrhythmics – beta antag (Propranolol, Atenolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol) MOA
block Beta 1 receptors on heart
27
Class III Anti-Arrhythmics– prolong AP duration (Bretylium, Amiodarone) MOA
significant prolongation of refractory period
28
Class IV Anti-Arrhythmics– calcium channel blockers (Verapamil, Diltiazem) MOA
– block Ca channels, ↓ impulse conduction (SA, AV), ↓ inotropic action → antiarrhtymic actions
29
Clenbuterol
(β2 agonist) = relax bladder
30
Phenoxybenzamine
(α agonist) = contraction of urethra (for tx of dyssenergy)
31
Prazosine
(α1 antagonist) = relax hypertonic urethra
32
Diazepam
GABA agonist (central)
33
Dantrolene
skeletal mm. relaxant
34
Alpha 1 agonists
contract
35
Alpha 1 antagonist
relax
36
Beta 2 agonist
relax
37
Beta 2 antagonist
contract
38
Nicotinic agonist
contract
39
Nicotinic antagonist
relax
40
Muscarinic 3 agonist
contract
41
Muscarinic 3 antagonist
relax
42
Anoerctics - Dirlotapide MOA
selective inhib microsomal triglyceride transfer protein = ↓ fat absorp
43
Cimitidine - Gastric Acid Antisecretory Agents (H2 antagonists)
acetaminophen toxicity antidote, inhibits CYP450, reduces hepatic blood flow
44
Ranitidine - Gastric Acid Antisecretory Agents (H2 antagonists)
competitive inhibition of secretion in PCT → increased plasma levels
45
Nitzadine - Gastric Acid Antisecretory Agents (H2 antagonists)
best/safest for hepatic disease (no metabolism, excreted unchanged in urine)
46
PGE analog (misoprostal)
inhibits acids, increases mucous secretion, stabilizes mast cells
47
Nucleoside REVERSE Transcripase Inhibitors (RETROVIRUS)
Causes viral DNA chain terminiation | via phosphorylation (3P) of host enzyme, competition for proviral DNA synthesis
48
Viral DNA Polymerase Inhibitors (DNA)
Inhibits viral DNA polymerase via viral thymidine kinase conversion of MP, 3P) *only in infected cells*
49
M2-ion Channel inhibitors (RNA)
Inhibits RNA/viral release | via H+ influx → acidification of endosome
50
Neuramidase/Sialidase Inhibitors | RNA
Inhibit neuramidase/sialidase (affects shedding of virus)
51
Ribavirin | DNA and RNA
Inhibits viral replication at multiple sites | (interfere w mRNA synthesis
52
Interferons | DNA, RETROVIRUS
Antiviral {Via synthesis of enzymes interfering w viral replication (proteins, RNA degredation)} Immune modulating {Cell-cell interaction converts effects w/o additional interferon} *alpha or delta determines WBC targets*
53
Alkylating Agents MOA | nitrogen mustards, triazenes, nitrosoureas, platinum complexes
form covalent bonds w DNA → prevent replication and transcription
54
Antimetabolites MOA | Anti-folate, Purine/Pyrimidine Analogs
block metabolic pathways of DNA synthesis
55
Cytotoxic Antibiotics MOA | Doxorubicin, Dactinomycin, Bloemycin, Mitomycin
block mammalian cell division
56
Doxorubicin MOA | Cytotox Ab
Inhibits DNA (topoisomerase II) and RNA synthesis
57
Dactinomycin (Cytotox Ab)
intercalates in DNA → RNA polymerase, topoisomerase II
58
Bleomycin (Cytotox Ab)
fragments DNA chains (*NON-DIVIDING CELLS*)
59
Mitomycin (Cytotox Ab)
Activated to give an alkylating metabolite
60
Plant Derivatives (Vinca Alkaloids and Taxanes/Taxois)
inhibit microtubules/mitosis
61
Steroids | Prednisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone
tumor cell destruction (↓ size), 2° complications mngmnt
62
Anti-Androgens | Delmadinone
inhibit androgens
63
Anti-Prostagens
inhibit prostagens
64
``` Monoclonal AntiBodies (specific types of cancer) {cetuximab, trastuzumab, bevacizumab} ```
Antibodies against specific receptors
65
Protein (Tyrosine) Kinase Inhibitors | {Imatinib, Toceranib, Mastinib}
Inhibit tyrosine kinase → prevent downstream signaling
66
Vaccines MOA | ex. BCG
stim immune system to recognize tumor cells, enhance tumor cell destruction
67
Enzymes MOA | ex. L-asperanginase
catalyzes hydrolysis (→ l-aspartic acid + ammonia) → ↓protein synthesis
68
Benzimidazoles | anthelmintics
irreversibly binds to nematodal tubulin, specifically beta-tubulin
69
Imidazothiazoles- Levamisole (anthelmintics)
ganglionic stimulant and a direct cholinergic drug, casues paralysis
70
Pyrantel | Tetrahydropyrimidines- anthelmintics
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
71
Morantel (Tetrahydropyrimidines- anthelmintics)
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
72
Organophosphate compounds (anthelmintics)
Irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
73
``` Macrocyclic Lactones (anthelmintics) ```
bind selectively with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride channels
74
Praziquantel
Ca2+ ion flux across the surface of membranes of exposed parasite, results in paralysis, release of Ca….(some more things happen)…surface swellings, blebs form, create lesions and lyse
75
Epsiprantel
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent | same as pyrantel
76
Closantel | fasciolicidal drug
proton ionophore transporting cations across cell membrane and ultimately uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation within mitochondria(parasite), ATP production inhibited (same as Rafoxanide)
77
Rafoxanide | fasciolicidal drug
proton ionophore transporting cations across cell membrane and ultimately uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation within mitochondria(parasite), ATP production inhibited
78
Clorsulon | fasciolicidal drug
affects glycolytic enzymes and deprives the fluke of its main source of metabolic energy
79
Polyether Ionophores | antiprotozoal
lipophilic complexes (alkali metal cations) → change membrane integreity/internal osmolality
80
Nitroimidazoles/ Nitrofurans | antiprotozoal
nitro group cleaved off (reductive) – produces unstable intermediates that interact w DNA
81
Sulfonamide | anitprotozoal
?
82
Ectoparasiticides MOA
``` AChE-inhibitors, Na channel blockers, nAChR inhibitors, GABA/Cl channel inhibitors, Ectoparasite repellents, IGR/IDI ```

pharm 2 - final review (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions