Stress, Coping, & Health Flashcards
______________ are minor annoyances or nuisances that strain our ability to cope.
Hassles
________ is a behavioural and physiological reaction to an _____________ threat in which the person responds by means of confrontation or escape.
Fear, immediate
___________is a cognitive response to a threat in which the person considers and prepares for ___________________ or misfortune.
Worry, future dangers
_____________ anxiety is intensity _________________ to situation or perceived threat
Adaptive, proportionate
___________ anxiety is intensity_____________ to situation or perceived threat
Maladaptive, not proportionate
__________________ helps identify _____________ of situations that cause more stress.
Stressors as stimuli, categories
Pregnancy, job loss, retirement, academic stress etc. are all examples of what?
Stressors as stimuli
______________________ focuses on interpretation, appraisal and coping of stressors.
Stress as transaction
____________________ is deciding whether an event is harmful
Primary appraisal
_____________ is determining how well we can cope with it
Secondary appraisal
____________________ is a strategy by which we tackle life’s challenges head-on. Most often used in _____________ stressful situations.
problem-focused coping, controllable
_________________ is a strategy that emphasizes on managing emotions in ______________ stressful situations. EX: Having a positive outlook on stressful situations, which is accompanied by behaviours that reduce painful emotions.
Emotion-focused coping, uncontrollable
_____________________ assesses psychological and physical ____________ to stress.
stress as a response, reactions
_________________ measures large number of outcome variables.
stress as a response
________________ are stress hormones that activate the body and prepare us to respond to stressful circumstances.
Corticosteroids
__________________ takes us through three stages of adaptation
Prolonged stress
What are the three stages of adaptation?
The alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion
_________________ is the excitation of the autonomic nervous system triggers release of stress hormone (adrenalin), and physical symptoms of anxiety
Alarm reaction
____________________ is a physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to either defend themselves (fight) or escape (flee) a threatening situation.
Fight or Flight Response
Some people may experience a _______________, which involves feeling that they cannot move or take action.
Freeze response
_______________ is the way an individual adapts to the stressor and finds ways to cope.
Resistance
If the stressor is prolonged and/or uncontrollable, ____________________ sets in.
Exhaustion
Women are more likely to respond with a tend and befriend pattern. True or false?
True
It is estimated that _____% of Canadians report having experienced a traumatic event during their lifetime.
76%
_______________________ is the ability to reduce the impact of a stressful situation.
Behavioural Control
______________________ is the ability to cognitively restructure negative emotions that arise in response to stress-provoking events.
Cognitive Control
____________________ is the ability to choose among alternative courses of actions.
Decisional Control
_______________________ is the ability to acquire information about a stressful event.
Informational Control
______________________ is the ability to suppress and express emotions.
Emotional Control
______________________ is the act of disclosing painful feelings.
Catharsis
___________________ is a set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and motivation to confront stressful events.
Hardiness
______________ people are more productive, focused, persistent, and better at handling frustration than people who are pessimistic.
Optimistic
_____________________ is a sense of meaning, purpose, control over life, and positive emotions.
Spirituality
________________ is focusing on how bad we feel, and endlessly analyzing the causes and consequences of our problems.
Rumination
The __________________ is our body’s defense against invading bacteria, viruses, and other illness-producing organisms.
Immune system
______________________ is the study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system.
Psychoneuroimmunology
_________________________ describes an illness in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggravate the physical condition.
Psychophysiological
_________________________ (also referred to binge drinking) is five or more drinks on one occasion for men & four or more for women.
Heavy episodic drinking
_______________________ refers to health care practices and products used IN PLACE of conventional medicine.
Alternative Medicine
__________________________ is when products and practices are used WITH conventional medicine.
Complementary Medicine
