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psych > Emotion and Motivation > Flashcards

Emotion and Motivation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 7 primary emotions?

A

Happiness, disgust, fear, sadness, surprise, anger, and contempt

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2
Q

_______ __________ are a small number of emotions believed by some theorists to be cross-culturally universal.

A

Primary emotions

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3
Q

What are the 3 secondary emotions?

A

Alarm, hatred, & Schadenfreude

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4
Q

Theories propose that emotions are ________ ___ _________

A

Products of thinking

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5
Q

_______-________ ________ ___ _______- is when an emotion-provoking event leads simultaneously to both an emotion and bodily reactions.

A

Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

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6
Q

___________________________ is Emotions that are a result of our interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli.

A

James-Lange Theory of Emotions

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7
Q

___________________ is Emotions that are produced by:
Undifferentiated arousal (“alertness”).
With a follow-up attribution (explanation) of that arousal.

A

Two-factor Theory

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8
Q

______________________ is when we use our “gut reactions” to inform our actions.
Limited support.
People without physiological aspects of emotion (e.g., those with pure autonomic failure) still make decisions.

A

Somatic Marker Theory

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9
Q

____________________ refers to the unconscious spillover of emotions into nonverbal behaviour.

A

Nonverbal leakage

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10
Q

______________ can communicate emotions, largely in unconscious ways.

A

Posture

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11
Q

__________________ convey emotion, such as through illustrators or manipulators.

A

Gestures

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12
Q

__________________ are more culture-specific gestures
EX: OK sign, waving & thumbs up.

A

Emblems

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13
Q

________________ is the study of personal space.

A

Proxemics

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14
Q

_____________ is the deliberate attempt to mislead others.

A

Lying

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15
Q

____________________ are saying things that are NOT true.

A

Lies of commission

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16
Q

___________________ are leaving out things that ARE true

A

Lies of ommission

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17
Q

_________________ are to protect or benefit the self

A

Anti-social lies

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18
Q

_________________ are to protect or benefit others

A

Prosocial Lies

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19
Q

Humans as lie detectors have about a ____% accuracy rate.

A

54

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20
Q

___________ is deception that leads to physiological changes.

A

Rationale

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21
Q

_____________ rely on the ___________________, in that there are supposedly perfect physiological or behavioural indicators of lying

A

Polygraph tests, Pinocchio response

22
Q

___________________ is using brain imaging techniques.

A

Brain fingerprinting

23
Q

___________________ are Alternative to the polygraph test that relies on the premise that criminals harbour concealed knowledge about the crime that innocent people don’t.

A

Guilty Knowledge Tests

24
Q

_________________ are Questionnaire that presumably assesses workers’ tendency to steal or cheat.

A

Integrity Tests

25
Q

___________________ is a strategy of anticipating failure and compensating for this expectation by mentally overpreparing for negative outcomes.

A

Defensive pessimism

26
Q

_____________________ theory says happiness predisposes us to think more openly, allowing us to see the “big picture”.

A

Broaden and build

27
Q

_____________________ is the ability to predict our own and others’ happiness

A

Affective forecasting

28
Q

________________ is the belief that both our good and bad moods will last longer than they do.

A

Durability Bias

29
Q

___________________ is when our moods tend to adapt to external circumstances.

A

Hedonic Treadmill

30
Q

____________________ is an inverted U-shaped relation between arousal (stress), mood and performance.

A

Yerkes-Dodson Law

31
Q

_____________________ propose that we are often motivated by positive goals.

A

Incentive theories

32
Q

_________________ is our own internal goals that we are self-motivated to achieve.
EX: Doing well in a course because you are passionate about learning the material.

A

Intrinsic Motivation

33
Q

____________________ is where the goal is external, such as by receiving a reward or avoiding a negative consequence.
EX: Doing well in a subject in order to get into medical school.

A

Extrinsic Motivation

34
Q

According to the _____________________, when our blood glucose levels drop, hunger creates a drive to eat to restore the proper levels of glucose.

A

Glucostatic theory

35
Q

_____________________ is when we eat to maintain a certain rage of body and muscle mass.

A

Set point theory

36
Q

___________________________: people born with this gene have a harder time feeling full after eating.

A

Melanocortin receptor 4 gene

37
Q

_______________ signals the hypothalamus and brain stem to ___________ appetite and increase the amount of energy used.

A

Leptin, reduce

38
Q

Some food smells can cause the release of neurotransmitters, such as _______________, which activates the brain’s pleasure circuits.

A

Serotonin

39
Q

The sex hormone __________________ can enhance sexual interest

A

Testosterone

40
Q

Lower sexual desire is associated with ____________________.

A

Higher serotonin

41
Q

DRD4 gene is involved in ________________________ (reward system).

A

Dopamine transmission

42
Q

As people age, the frequency of sexual activities ________________ but their sexual satisfaction does not.

A

Decreases

43
Q

The ___________________ may play a role in sexual attraction.

A

Hypothalamus

44
Q

The ___________________ has been found to be larger in gay men compared to heterosexual men

A

Corpus collosum

45
Q

______________ is physical nearness.

A

Proximity

46
Q

__________________ is the extent to which we have things in common with others.

A

Similarity

47
Q

___________________ is showing reciprocal affection, support, care and trust.

A

Reciprocity

48
Q

Like it or not, we often first ‘judge books by their covers’. This is ____________________

A

Physical attractiveness

49
Q

____________________ is marked by powerful, even overwhelming, longing for one’s partner.

A

Passionate Love

50
Q

________________________ play a role in sexual desire.

A

Testosterone and estrogen

51
Q

_______________________ is marked by a sense of deep friendship and fondness for one’s partner.

A

Companionate Love

52
Q

Compassionate love is linked with the hormone _________________, which plays a role in pair bonding and interpersonal trust.

A

Oxytocin

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