Stress and Biotoxins

Question 1

Fight or Flight Response (what is sympathetic vs parasympathetic)

Answer 1

Sympathetic - promotes maintenance of body during rest
Parasynmathetic - primes body for action, reacts to stress

Question 2

Three Major Categories of Biotoxins

Answer 2

defense
subdue prey
fight for mate (M vs M fighting)

Question 3

Difference Between Venoms and Poisons

Answer 3

poisons need to be swallowed or inhaled
venoms are injected into the body, by fangs, stingers, spurs, etc

Question 4

Four Types of Biotoxins (animal/plant examples)

Answer 4

neuortoxins: affects nervous system, paralysis, respiratory failure
e.g. scorpion, jellyfish, cobra

hemotoxins: travels through bloodstream, causes internal bleeding and swelling
e.g. rattlesnake

cytotoxins: causes cell death, swollen tissues
e.g. ricin from castor bean/seed

apitoxin: pain, inflamation of tissue
e.g. honeybee sting

Question 5

Theory on how toxic substances evolved (snakes)

Answer 5

overactive digestive enzyme, often comes from salivary glands

Question 6

Plant Secondary Compounds (what are they?- know example)

Answer 6

not essential for plan to live, just stops predators from eating it.
plant is more stressed, puts out more secondary toxins
-milkweed